학술논문
Prevalence and factors associated with depression and anxiety in people living with HTLV-1: A systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression.
Document Type
Article
Author
Source
Subject
*ANXIETY diagnosis
*DIAGNOSIS of mental depression
*MENTAL depression risk factors
*RNA virus infections
*ONLINE information services
*PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems
*META-analysis
*CONFIDENCE intervals
*MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems
*SYSTEMATIC reviews
*RISK assessment
*MENTAL depression
*ANXIETY
*MEDLINE
*ODDS ratio
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Language
ISSN
0163-8343
Abstract
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infection is a neglected tropical disease associated with many clinical manifestations, such as erythematous-scaling skin lesions, cutaneous lymphomas, and spastic paraparesis, which could be a potential cause of mental health concerns. This study investigates the prevalence of symptoms and diagnoses of depression and anxiety and its associated factors in people living with HTLV-1 (PLWH). A systematic review was performed in the Pubmed/MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, and PsycINFO databases for original studies investigating symptoms of depression and anxiety and diagnoses of major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders in PLWH, and a random-effects meta-analysis with meta-regression was performed to obtain a summary frequency of symptoms and diagnoses of depression and anxiety. Considering both symptoms and diagnoses, the pooled prevalence for depression was 35% (95% CI: 27 to 43) and for anxiety was 33% (95% CI: 23 to 45). Clinically significant symptoms were more prevalent than diagnosed disorders for depression (47% vs. 21%) and anxiety (44% vs. 11%). PLWH were more likely than seronegative controls to present symptoms and diagnoses of depression (pooled OR: 4.25; 95% CI: 2.7 to 6.68) and anxiety (pooled OR: 3.79; 95% CI: 2.6 to 5.52). Spastic paraparesis was significantly associated with symptoms and diagnoses of depression (pooled OR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.11 to 2.95) and anxiety (pooled OR: 2.75; 95% CI 1.26 to 5.96). PLWH present a much higher prevalence of symptoms and diagnoses of depression and anxiety than seronegative controls, which could be explained by social vulnerability or neurological impairment associated with spastic paraparesis. More studies comparing asymptomatic PLWH and seronegative controls are needed. • HTLV-1 infection, even when asymptomatic, is associated with depression and anxiety. • HAM/TSP is associated with depression and anxiety. • Social vulnerability and neurological impairment could explain this association. • Higher prevalences of depression were observed in studies with more women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]