부산대학교 도서관

Objective: To examine the associations of retinal vein occlusion and arteriolar emboli with cardiovascular disease. Design: Population-based cross-sectional study. Participants: Pooled from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (n = 12 642; mean age, 60 years) and the Cardiovascular Health Study (n = 2824; mean age, 79 years). Methods: Retinal vein occlusion and arteriolar emboli were identified from a single nonmydriatic retinal photograph using a standardized protocol. Photographs were also graded for arteriovenous nicking and focal arteriolar narrowing. All participants had a comprehensive systemic evaluation, including standardized carotid ultrasonography. Main Outcome Measures: Retinal vein occlusion and arteriolar emboli. Results: Prevalences of retinal vein occlusion and arteriolar emboli were 0.3% (n = 39 cases) and 0.2% (n = 34 cases), respectively. After adjusting for age, retinal vein occlusion was associated with hypertension (odds ratio [OR], 2.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43–6.14), systolic blood pressure (BP) (OR, 4.12; 95% CI, 1.40–12.16; highest quartile vs. lowest), diastolic BP (OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.07–6.46; highest quartile vs. lowest), carotid artery plaque (OR, 5.62; 95% CI, 2.60–12.16), body mass index (OR, 3.88; 95% CI, 1.23–12.18; highest quartile vs. lowest), plasma fibrinogen (OR, 3.29; 95% CI, 1.08–10.02; highest quartile vs. lowest), arteriovenous nicking (OR, 4.09; 95% CI, 2.00–8.36), and focal arteriolar narrowing (OR, 5.17; 95% CI, 2.59–10.29). After adjusting for age, retinal arteriolar emboli were associated with hypertension (OR, 3.14; 95% CI, 1.44–6.84), systolic BP (OR, 3.46; 95% CI, 1.13–10.65; highest quartile vs. lowest), prevalent coronary heart disease (OR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.01–5.42), carotid artery plaque (OR, 4.62; 95% CI, 1.85–11.57), plasma lipoprotein (a) (OR, 3.69; 95% CI, 1.20–11.41; highest quartile vs. lowest), plasma fibrinogen (OR, 3.09; 95% CI, 0.98–9.76; highest quartile vs. lowest), and current cigarette smoking (OR, 3.08; 95% CI, 1.47–6.47). Approximately a quarter of participants with retinal vein occlusion and arteriolar emboli had evidence of carotid artery plaque as defined from ultrasound. Conclusions: Retinal vein occlusion and retinal arteriolar emboli are associated with carotid artery disease, hypertension, and other cardiovascular risk factors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]