학술논문
Vacuum Phototriodes for tie CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter Endcap.
Document Type
Article
Author
Source
Subject
*AERIAL triangulation
*PHOTODIODES
*ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
*CALORIMETERS
*TEMPERATURE measuring instruments
*MAGNETIC fields
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Language
ISSN
0018-9499
Abstract
The measurement of scintillation light from the lead tungstate crystals of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) poses a substantial technical challenge, particularly in the endcap regions, where the radiation levels are highest. The photodetectors must be fast, sensitive, radiation-hard, and operate with significant internal gain in a magnetic field of 4 Tesla. The measured performance characteristics of the first batches of series production vacuum phototriodes (VPT), developed to satisfy the needs of CMS, will be described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]