부산대학교 도서관

Background: Among patients who undergo kidney transplantation, a subsequent second kidney transplantation (TX2) is often necessary. The TX2 outcomes remain controversial, however, and only limited data are available on clinical outcomes of TX2 in Japanese patients. This study aimed to assess graft and patient survival rates of TX2 and compared these rates with those of first kidney transplantation (TX1) in Japanese patients. Methods: Of the 898 kidney transplantations performed between 2010 and 2019 at our institution, 33 were TX2. We performed survival analysis using weighted Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards analysis with propensity score matching, specifically inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). Results: Death-censored graft survival (DCGS) rates at 1, 3, and 5 years for the TX1 versus TX2 groups were 99.3, 97.9, and 95.0% versus 100, 96.0, and 91.2%, respectively. Overall survival (OS) rates at 1, 3, and 5 years for the TX1 versus TX2 groups were 99.4, 98.9, and 97.8% versus 100, 100, and 94.4%, respectively. Using the log-rank test, IPTW-weighted Kaplan–Meier curves showed no significant differences for TX1 versus TX2 in DCGS (p = 0.535) and OS (p = 0.302). On Cox proportional hazards analysis for TX2 versus TX1, the IPTW-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for DCGS was 1.75 (95% CI, 0.28–10.9; p = 0.550) and for OS was 2.71 (95% CI, 0.40–18.55; p = 0.311). Conclusions: For patients who require TX2, this treatment is an acceptable option based on the short-term outcomes data for DCGS and OS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]