부산대학교 도서관

In CMS (cytoplasmic male sterility)-based hybrid rye ( Secale cereale L.) breeding, effective pollen-fertility restoration is an essential prerequisite for achieving maximum grain yield on the one hand and for minimizing ergot ( Claviceps purpurea) infestation on the other. Restorer genes for the CMS-inducing 'Pampa' cytoplasm derived from landraces collected in Iran and Argentina are used by breeders for achieving this goal. Here, restorer genes from four germplasm sources ('Altevogt 14160', ' IRAN III', 'Trenelense' and 'Pico Gentario') were analysed by producing three-way cross hybrids between an elite CMS single cross and pollinators with and without a given restorer gene. Materials were evaluated on large drilled plots for restorer index ( RI), grain yield, plant height and other traits in six environments. In experiment 1, a restorer gene from 'Altevogt 14160' was used. Seven pairs of marker-selected carrier and non-carrier backcross lines served as pollinators. In experiment 2, the pollinators were 17 backcross line pairs from the other three germplasm sources. These lines were grouped as high ( RI > 67%) and low restorers ( RI < 30%), respectively, using testcrosses with a highly diagnostic CMS tester. Hybrids carrying an exotic restorer gene suffered from a significant grain yield reduction by 4.4% and 9.4% and were 9.3 and 4.8 cm taller in experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Thousand-kernel weight was reduced, whereas quality traits were only slightly affected. For all traits, significant genetic variance existed among the testcrosses to the presence vs. absence of a given exotic restorer gene. This offers a chance for the breeder to reduce or ultimately overcome the presently observed performance reductions brought about by exotic restorer genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]