부산대학교 도서관

Garlic (Allium sativum) can improve the fish's immune system and modulate the gut microbiota composition, vital in host nutrition and health. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of garlic addition in formulated food on the taxonomic composition of the California yellowtail (Seriola dorsalis) intestinal microbiota, a marine fish with aquaculture potential. California yellowtail juveniles were fed diets with different garlic powder concentrations (4%, 10%, and 25%) for 30 days. Extraction and quantification of genomic DNA from two intestine sections (foregut and hindgut) were performed. Subsequently, the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene from the samples was amplified and sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq technology. The QIIME2 bioinformatics suite was used for the taxonomic assignment of the sequences and further statistics. Functions were predicted using PICRUSt2 and LefSe (MicrobiomeAnalyst Platform). As a result, the structure of the intestinal microbiota was modified in both intestine fractions, particularly at higher garlic concentrations. The Gammaproteobacteria class was the most abundant group in both intestine tissues, while Bacteroidia, Bacilli, Thermoleophilia, and Acidimicrobia decreased as garlic concentration increased. Changes in the predicted functions also accompanied changes in the taxonomic structure of the intestinal microbiota; briefly, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, and pentose phosphate pathways tended to decrease with increasing garlic concentration; in addition, several other functions, including protein and lipids metabolism and synthesis of biomolecules, were decreased as the garlic concentration increased. Our results suggest that dietary garlic supplementation induced changes in the structure and functionality of the gut microbiota in a dose-response manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]