부산대학교 도서관

Highlights • BCG may delay the disease progression in early multiple sclerosis. • BCG may counteract the tissue damage and foster the repair in neuroinflammation. • BCG in type 1 diabetes can permanently reset the immune system for tolerance. • BCG in type 1 diabetic subjects can restore blood sugars towards normal. At the end of past century, when the prevailing view was that treatment of autoimmunity required immune suppression, experimental evidence suggested an approach of immune-stimulation such as with the BCG vaccine in type 1 diabetes (T1D) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Translating these basic studies into clinical trials, we showed the following: BCG harnessed the immune system to 'permanently' lower blood sugar, even in advanced T1D; BCG appeared to delay the disease progression in early MS; the effects were long-lasting (years after vaccination) in both diseases. The recently demonstrated capacity of BCG to boost glycolysis may explain both the improvement of metabolic indexes in T1D, and the more efficient generation of inducible regulatory T cells, which counteract the autoimmune attack and foster repair mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]