학술논문
Bifocal malakoplakia in a patient living with HIV: case report.
Document Type
Article
Author
Source
Subject
*THERAPEUTIC use of vitamin C
*HIV infection complications
*ANTIBIOTICS
*PNEUMONIA
*ANTI-HIV agents
*PATHOGENESIS
*BIOPSY
*HOSPITAL emergency services
*CHEST X rays
*COVID-19
*BRONCHOALVEOLAR lavage
*CO-trimoxazole
*SERODIAGNOSIS
*CYTOMEGALOVIRUS diseases
*ANTIVIRAL agents
*MULTIPLE organ failure
*ANTI-infective agents
*HIV seroconversion
*TREATMENT effectiveness
*SEVERITY of illness index
*VALGANCICLOVIR
*HEMODYNAMICS
*MYCOBACTERIAL diseases
*POLYMERASE chain reaction
*CYTOLOGY
*ENDOSCOPIC gastrointestinal surgery
*DISEASE complications
*GRAM-positive bacteria
ULTRASONIC imaging of the abdomen
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Language
ISSN
1742-6405
Abstract
Background: Malakoplakia is a rare chronic granulomatous disease characterized by the presence of Michaelis-Gutmann bodies (MGBs) within histiocytic aggregates. It predominantly affects immunocompromised individuals, including those living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Case Presentation: We present a unique case of bifocal malakoplakia in a 49-year-old man, previously with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and HIV positive, presented with respiratory symptoms, weight loss, and lymphadenopathy. He had various infections including Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Candida, with evolving lung and gastrointestinal issues. Despite treatment attempts, he deteriorated due to respiratory distress, multi-organ failure, and coagulopathy, leading to his unfortunate demise. Conclusion: This report presents a distinctive and complex case of malakoplakia in an HIV-positive patient, a rare inflammatory disorder originally described by Michaelis and Gutmann in 1902. The hallmark Michaelis-Gutmann organisms were observed, confirming the diagnosis. While typically affecting the urinary tract, this case demonstrates the exceptional ability of malakoplakia to manifest in various organ systems, including pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and more. Although Escherichia coli is a prevalent associated pathogen, the exact cause remains elusive. Treatment, often involving surgical excision and antibiotic therapy, underscores the challenging nature of managing this condition in immunocompromised individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]