학술논문
Intellectual/developmental disabilities among people incarcerated in federal correctional facilities in Ontario, Canada: Examining prevalence, health and correctional characteristics.
Document Type
Article
Author
Source
Subject
*MENTAL illness risk factors
*SUBSTANCE abuse risk factors
*CORRECTIONAL institutions
*HOSPITAL emergency services
*PRISONERS
*DEVELOPMENTAL disabilities
*HEALTH status indicators
*MEDICAL care use
*RISK assessment
*DISEASE prevalence
*DESCRIPTIVE statistics
*HOSPITAL care
*PEOPLE with intellectual disabilities
*BRAIN injuries
*DISEASE risk factors
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Language
ISSN
1360-2322
Abstract
Background: There is little research with people who experience intellectual/developmental disabilities and imprisonment. Methods: The study linked health and correctional data to examine prevalence of intellectual/developmental disabilities and health and correctional characteristics among adults experiencing their first federal incarceration between 1 January 2002 and 31 December 2011 (n = 9278) and two non‐incarcerated groups (n = 10,086,802). Results: The prevalence of intellectual/developmental disabilities was 2.1% in the incarcerated group and 0.9% in the non‐incarcerated group. Before incarceration, those with, versus without, intellectual/developmental disabilities were at greater risk of traumatic brain injury, mental illness, and substance use disorders. While incarcerated, those with intellectual/developmental disabilities were more likely to incur serious institutional disciplinary charges. Post‐incarceration, persons with intellectual/developmental disabilities were at greater risk of emergency department visits, and psychiatric and acute hospitalizations, than the non‐incarcerated groups. Conclusions: People with intellectual/developmental disabilities are overrepresented in Canadian federal correctional institutions. The authors offer strategies to support people prior to, during, and post‐incarceration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]