학술논문
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet in metabolically healthy and unhealthy overweight and obese European adolescents: the HELENA study.
Document Type
Article
Author
Arenaza, Lide; Huybrechts, Inge; Ortega, Francisco B.; Ruiz, Jonatan R.; De Henauw, Stefaan; Manios, Yannis; Marcos, Ascensión; Julián, Cristina; Widhalm, Kurt; Bueno, Gloria; Kersting, Mathilde; Kafatos, Anthony; Breidenassel, Christina; Pedrero-Chamizo, Raquel; Gottrand, Frédéric; González-Gross, Marcela; Moreno, Luis A.; Labayen, Idoia
Source
Subject
*ADIPOSE tissues
*BLOOD pressure
*BLOOD sugar
*BODY weight
*CONFIDENCE intervals
*FOOD habits
*HEALTH status indicators
*HIGH density lipoproteins
*INGESTION
*CHILDHOOD obesity
*STATURE
*TRIGLYCERIDES
*PHENOTYPES
*BODY mass index
*CROSS-sectional method
*WAIST circumference
*DESCRIPTIVE statistics
*MEDITERRANEAN diet
*CARDIOPULMONARY fitness
*ODDS ratio
*ADOLESCENCE
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Language
ISSN
1436-6207
Abstract
Purpose: To examine the adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) in metabolically healthy overweight or obese (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) European adolescents. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 137 overweight/obese adolescents aged 12–17 years old from the HELENA study were included. Height, weight, waist circumference and skinfold thickness were measured and body mass index and body fat percent were calculated. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glucose, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and cardiorespiratory fitness (20 m shuttle run test) were measured. MHO and MUO phenotypes were categorized following the Jolliffe and Janssen criteria. Two non-consecutive 24 h recalls were used for dietary intake assessment and the adherence to the MDP was calculated using the Mediterranean dietary pattern score (MDP score) (range 0–9). Results: A total of 45 (22 girls) adolescents (32.8%) were categorized as MHO. The adherence to the MDP was significantly higher in MHO than in MUO adolescents regardless of age, sex, body fat percentage, energy intake and center (MDP score: 4.6 ± 1.6 vs. 3.9 ± 1.5, p = 0.036), but this difference became non-significant after further adjustment for cardiorespiratory fitness. Participants who had a low adherence to the MDP (MDP score ≤ 4) had a higher likelihood of having MUO phenotype regardless of sex, age, energy intake, center and body fat percentage (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.01–4.81, p = 0.048). Conclusions: Adherence to the MDP might be beneficial to maintain metabolic health in overweight/obese adolescents, yet cardiorespiratory fitness seems to play a key role on the metabolic phenotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]