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Effects of Varying Nutritional Feeding Strategies on Growth, Semen Characteristics, Behavior, Metabolites, and Hormones in Limit-Fed Mature Artificial Insemination (AI) Boars [electronic resource].

[S.l.] : Purdue University. 2024 Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses , 2024

1 online resource(172 p.)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
Advisor: Richert, Brian;Stewart, Kara;Schinckel, Allan;Radcliffe, Scott;Cabezon, Francisco;Ragland, Darryl.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Purdue University, 2024.

Research investigating boar nutrition and the impacts it can have on growth and development, and semen quality and quantity characteristics is very limited. Other sectors of the industry (nursery, grow-finish, sows) are far ahead of the boar when it comes to research. Therefore, the objective of this dissertation was to investigate the impacts of varying feeding strategies on boar growth, development, semen characteristics, behavior, salivary cortisol, and serum metabolites. Chapter 2, the objective of this study was to determine if the inclusion of fiber (8.48% vs 14.85% NDF) in the diet of boars, influenced semen characteristics, concentration, motility, morphology, bodyweight (BW), backfat and loin muscle depths, Knauer sow caliper measurement, flank to flank distance, visual body condition score (BCS), blood glucose and non-esterified fatty acids, salivary cortisol, and behavior. Fecal samples were also taken and scored using the Bristol stool firmness scoring system. Behavior video was analyzed bi-weekly for a 24-hr period for posture, feed/water consumption, exploratory, and stereotypic behaviors using continuous sampling. Timepoints for sample collection were on weeks -1,3,7, and 11. Twenty-seven boars from two age groups (7 and 18 months) and two genetic lines (maternal and terminal) were utilized in this study over a twelve-week period with data one week prior to the study serving as a baseline for statistical analysis. Boars were blocked by age and breed, and randomly allotted to receive 2.72 kg/d of corn-soybean meal diet (CON, n=13) formulated to meet NRC (2012) requirements or an isocaloric (estimated ME=3285 Kcal/kg) corn-soybean meal diet with 14.3% soyhulls and supplemental choice white grease (4.65%) inclusions (FIBER, n=14). Semen was collected once per week per boar using the gloved hand method. While at the farm 3 mL of semen was mixed with 27 mL of extender (Androhep Plus, Minitube) to make a 1:10 dilution and this sub-sample was analyzed for semen concentration (Nucleocounter SP-100), motility (Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis, CASA, CEROS II), and sperm cell morphology. Statistical analysis were conducted using PROC MIXED with the main effects and interactions of diet, age, and breed with week as a repeated measure for semen characteristics in SAS 9.4 (Cary, NC) or using PROC GLM with boar serving as experimental unit. Fiber in the diet did not affect any semen characteristics throughout the study. However, the percent morphologically normal sperm was higher in young boars compared to the older boars (80.6% vs 74.1%, P=0.014) resulting from fewer head/tail abnormalities (1.8% vs 2.4%, P=0.025) and distal droplets (7.2% vs 9.6%, P=0.051). Maternal boars had fewer proximal droplets (6.9% vs 9.9%, P=0.033) and tended to have fewer head/tail abnormalities (1.8% vs 2.3%, P=0.080), but tended to have more distal midpiece reflex abnormalities (3.3% vs 4.8%, P=0.095) than terminal boars. FIBER boars gained 8.4 kg more BW than CON boars during the 12-week study (P=0.022).

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