부산대학교 도서관

Jacobs, B.C. (Bart C.); Berg, B. (Bianca) van den; Verboon, C. (Christine); Chavada, G. (Govindsinh); Cornblath, D.R. (David); Gorson, K.C. (Kenneth); Harbo, T. (Thomas); Hartung, H.P.; Hughes, R.A.C. (Richard A. C.); Kusunoki, S. (Susumu); Doorn, P.A. (Pieter) van; Willison, H.J. (Hugh J.); Jacobs, B.C. (Bart); Hughes, R.A.C. (Richard); Cornblath, D.R.; Gorson, K.C.; Kusunoki, S.; Willison, H.J. (Hugh); van Woerkom, M.; van den Berg, B.; Verboon, C.; Roodbol, J. (J.); Reisin, R. (R.); Reddel, S.W.; Islam, Z. (Zhahirul); Islam, B.; Mohammad, Q.D. (Quazi); Bergh, P.Y.K. (Paul) van den; Feasby, T.E.; Wang, Y.Z.; Harbo, T.; Péréon, Y.; Lehmann, H.C.; Dardiotis, E.; Nobile-Orazio, E. (Eduarde); Shahrizaila, N.; Jacobs, B.C.; Bateman, K.; Illa, I. (Isabel); Querol, L. (Luis); Hsieh, S.T.; Willison, H.J.; Chavada, G.; Davidson, A.; Addington, J.M.; Ajroud-Driss, S.; Andersen, H.; Antonini, G.; Attarian, S.; Badrising, U.A. (Umesh); Barroso, F.A.; Benedetti, L.; Beronio, A.; Bianco, M.; Binda, D.; Briani, C.; Bürmann, J.; Bella, I.R.; Bertorini, T.E.; Bhavaraju-Sanka, R.; Brannagan, T.H.; Busby, M.; Butterworth, S.; Campagnolo, M.; Casasnovas, C.; Cavaletti, G.; Chao, C.S.; Chen, S.; Chetty, S.; Claeys, T. (Tine); Cohen, J.A.; Conti, M.E.; Cosgrove, J.S.; Dalakas, M.C. (Marinos); Dimachkie, M.M.; Dillmann, U.; Domínguez González, C.; Doppler, K.; Dornonville de la Cour, C.; Echaniz-Laguna, A.; Eftimov, F. (Filip); Faber, C.G.; Fazio, R. (R.); Fokke, M. (Maureen); Fujioka, T.; Fulgenzi, E. (E.); Galassi, G.; Garcia, T.; Garnero, M.; Garssen, M.P.J. (Marcel); Gijsbers, C.J.; Gilchrist, J.M.; Gilhuis, J. (Job); Goldstein, J.M.; Goyal, N.; Granit, V.; Grapperon, A.; Gutiérrez Gutiérrez, G.; Gutmann, L.; Hadden, R.D.M. (Rob); Holbech, J.V.; Holt, J.K.L.; Homedes Pedret, C.; Htut, M.; Jellema, K.; Jericó Pascual, I.; Kaida, K.I. (Ken Ichi); Karafiath, S.; Katzberg, H. (Hans); Kiers, H.A.L. (Henk); Kieseier, B.C. (Bernd); Kimpinski, K.; Kleyweg, R.P.; Kokubun, N.; Kolb, N.A.; Kuitwaard, K. (Krista); Kuwabara, S.; Kwan, J.Y.; Ladha, S.S.; Landschoff Lassen, L.; Lawson, V.; Ledingham, D.; Léon Cejas, L.; Luciano, C.A.; Lucy, S.T.; Lunn, M.P.T. (Michael P. T.); Magot, A.; Manji, H.; Marchesoni, A.; Marfia, G.A.M.; Márquez Infante, C.; Martinez Hernandez, E.; Mataluni, G.; Mattiazi, M.; McDermott, C.J.; Meekins, G.D.; Miller, J.; Monges, M.S.; Montero, M.C.J.; Morís de la Tassa, G.; Nascimbene, C.; Neumann, C.; Nowak, R.J.; Orizaola Balaguer, P.; Osei-Bonsu, M.; Pan, E.B.L.; Pardo Fernandez, J.; Pasnoor, M.; Pulley, M.T.; Rajabally, Y.A.; Rinaldi, S. (Sabina); Ritter, C.; Roberts, R.C.; Rojas-Marcos, I.; Rudnicki, S.A.; Sachs, G.M.; Samijn, J.P. (Johnny); Santoro, L.; Saperstein, D.S.; Savransky, A.; Schneider, H.; Schenone, A. (Andrea); Sedano Tous, M.J.; Sekiguchi, Y.; Sheikh, K.A.; Silvestri, N.J.; Sindrup, S.H.; Sommer, C.; Stein, B.; Stino, A.M.; Spyropoulos, A.; Srinivasan, J.; Suzuki, H.; Taylor, S.W.; Tankisi, H.; Tigner, D.; Twydell, P.T.; Valzania, F.; van Damme, P.; Kooj, A.J. (Anneke); Dijk, G.W. (Gert) van; van der Ree, T.; Koningsveld, R. (Rinske) van; Varrato, J.D.; Vermeij, F.H. (Frederique); Verschuuren, J.J. (Jan); Visser, L.H. (Leendert); Vytopil, M.V.; Waheed, W.; Wilken, M.; Wilkerson, C.; Wirtz, P.W.; Yamagishi, Y.; Yiu, E.M.; Zhou, L.; Zivkovic, S.A. (Sasa)

Jacobs, B.C.; van den Berg, B.; Verboon, C.; van Doorn, P.A.; Chavada, G.; Willison, H.J.; Cornblath, D.R.; Gorson, K.C.; Harbo, T.; Hartung, H.-P.; Hughes, R.A.C.; Kusunoki, S.; Jacobs, B.C.; van Doorn, P.A.; van Woerkom, M.; van den Berg, B.; Verboon, C.; Roodbol, J.; Jacobs, B.C.; Jacobs, B.C.; van den Berg, B.; Verboon, C.; Hughes, R.A.C.; Cornblath, D.R.; Gorson, K.C.; Gorson, K.C.; Hartung, H.P.; Hartung, H.P.; Kusunoki, S.; Kusunoki, S.; Willison, H.J.; Willison, H.J.; Chavada, G.; Davidson, A.; Reisin, R.C.; Reddel, S.W.; Islam, Z.; Islam, B.; Mohammad, Q.D.; van den Bergh, P.; Feasby, T.E.; Wang, Y.Z.; Harbo, T.; Péréon, Y.; Lehmann, H.C.; Dardiotis, E.; Nobile-Orazio, E.; Shahrizaila, N.; Bateman, K.; Illa, I.; Querol, L.A.; Hsieh, S.T.; Addington, J.M.; Ajroud-Driss, S.; Bella, I.R.; Bertorini, T.E.; Bhavaraju-Sanka, R.; Brannagan, T.H.; Chao, C.S.; Chen, S.; Cohen, J.A.; Dalakas, M.C.; Dimachkie, M.M.; Gilchrist, J.M.; Goldstein, J.M.; Goyal, N.; Granit, V.; Gutmann, L.; Karafiath, S.; Kolb, N.A.; Kwan, J.Y.; Ladha, S.S.; Lawson, V.; Luciano, C.A.; Lucy, S.T.; Meekins, G.D.; Nowak, R.J.; Pasnoor, M.; Pulley, M.T.; Rudnicki, S.A.; Sachs, G.M.; Saperstein, D.S.; Sheikh, K.A.; Silvestri, N.J.; Stein, B.; Stino, A.M.; Srinivasan, J.; Twydell, P.T.; Varrato, J.D.; Vytopil, M.V.; Waheed, W.; Wilkerson, C.; Zhou, L.; Zivkovic, S.; Andersen, H.; Dornonville de la Cour, C.; Holbech, J.V.; Landschoff Lassen, L.; Sindrup, S.H.; Tankisi, H.; Antonini, G.; Benedetti, L.; Beronio, A.; Bianco, M.; Binda, D.; Briani, C.; Campagnolo, M.; Cavaletti, G.; Fazio, R.; Galassi, G.; Garnero, M.; Marfia, G.A.M.; Mataluni, G.; Nascimbene, C.; Santoro, L.; Schenone, A.; Valzania, F.; Attarian, S.; Echaniz-Laguna, A.; Grapperon, A.; Magot, A.; Badrising, U.; Eftimov, F.; Faber, C.G.; Fokke, C.; Garssen, M.P.J.; Gijsbers, C.J.; Gilhuis, H.J.; Jellema, K.; Kleyweg, R.P.; Kuitwaard, K.; Samijn, J.P.A.; van der Kooi, A.J.; van Dijk, G.W.; van der Ree, T.; van Koningsveld, R.; Vermeij, F.H.; Verschuuren, J.J.G.M.; Visser, L.H.; Wirtz, P.W.; Barroso, F.A.; Conti, M.E.; Fulgenzi, E.A.; Léon Cejas, L.; Marchesoni, C.; Mattiazi, M.; Monges, M.S.; Savransky, A.; Wilken, M.; Bürmann, J.; Dillmann, U.; Doppler, K.; Kieseier, B.C.; Ritter, C.; Schneider, H.; Sommer, C.L.; Busby, M.; Butterworth, S.; Cosgrove, J.S.; Hadden, R.D.M.; Holt, J.K.L.; Htut, M.; Ledingham, D.; Lunn, M.P.T.; Manji, H.; McDermott, C.J.; Miller, J.; Neumann, C.; Osei-Bonsu, M.; Rajabally, Y.A.; Rinaldi, S.; Roberts, R.C.; Spyropoulos, A.; Casasnovas, C.; Domínguez González, C.; Garcia, T.; Gutiérrez Gutiérrez, G.; Homedes Pedret, C.; Jericó Pascual, I.; Márquez Infante, C.; Martinez Hernandez, E.; Montero, M.C.J.; Morís de la Tassa, G.; Orizaola Balaguer, P.; Pardo Fernandez, J.; Rojas-Marcos, I.; Sedano Tous, M.J.; Chetty, S.; Pan, E.B.L.; Claeys, K.G.; Fujioka, T.; Kaida, K.; Kokubun, N.; Kuwabara, S.; Sekiguchi, Y.; Suzuki, H.; Yamagishi, Y.; Katzberg, H.D.; Kimpinski, K.; Taylor, S.W.; Tigner, D.; Kiers, L.; Yiu, E.M.; van Damme, P.

In: Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System. (Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System, June 2017, 22(2):68-76)

Landi D; Multiple Sclerosis Clinical and Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Fondazione PTV Policlinico Tor Vergata, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.; Bartolomeo S; Multiple Sclerosis Clinical and Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Fondazione PTV Policlinico Tor Vergata, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.; Bovis F; Biostatistics Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.; Amato MP; Department NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.; IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy.; Bonavita S; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy.; Borriello G; MS Center, Neurology Unit, San Pietro Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Rome, Italy.; Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.; Buccafusca M; Neurology and Neuromuscular Unit, Multiple Sclerosis Centre, 'G. Martino' University Hospital, Messina, Italy.; Bucello S; Multiple Sclerosis Centre, 'E. Muscatello' Hospital-ASP8, Augusta, Italy.; Cavalla P; Department of Neuroscience, City of Health and Science University Hospital of Turin, Turin, Italy.; Cellerino M; Clinica Neurologica, Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.; Centonze D; Italy Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.; Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.; Cocco E; Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Binaghi Hospital, ATS Sardegna, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.; Conte A; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy; Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.; Cortese A; Multiple Sclerosis Centre, S. Filippo Neri Hospital, Rome, Italy.; D'Amico E; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.; Di Filippo M; Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.; Docimo R; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy.; Multiple Sclerosis Center, 'San Giuseppe Moscati' Hospital, ASL Caserta, Aversa, Italy.; Fantozzi R; Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.; Ferraro E; Multiple Sclerosis Centre, S. Filippo Neri Hospital, Rome, Italy.; Filippi M; Neurology Unit, Multiple Sclerosis Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.; Foschi M; Department of Neuroscience, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Neurology Unit, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital of Ravenna, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy.; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.; Gallo A; Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy.; Granella F; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.; Ianniello A; Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.; Lanzillo R; Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Care, Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University 'Federico II,' Naples, Italy.; Lorefice L; Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.; Lucchini M; Multiple Sclerosis Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'Agostino Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy.; Department of Neurosciences, Centro di Ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla (CERSM), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.; Lus G; Multiple Sclerosis Center, II Neurological Clinic, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy.; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy.; Mataluni G; Multiple Sclerosis Clinical and Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Fondazione PTV Policlinico Tor Vergata, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.; Mirabella M; Multiple Sclerosis Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'Agostino Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy.; Department of Neurosciences, Centro di Ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla (CERSM), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.; Moiola L; Neurology Unit, Multiple Sclerosis Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.; Napoli F; Multiple Sclerosis Clinical and Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Fondazione PTV Policlinico Tor Vergata, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.; Nicoletti CG; Multiple Sclerosis Clinical and Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Fondazione PTV Policlinico Tor Vergata, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.; Patti F; Department 'G.F. Ingrassia,' MS Center, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.; Ragonese P; Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.; Realmuto S; Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Neurology Unit and Stroke Unit, AOOR Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy.; Schirò G; Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.; Signoriello E; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy.; Sinisi L; Neurology Unit and MS Center, San Paolo Hospital ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy.; Stromillo ML; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.; Tomassini V; Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies (ITAB), Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.; MS Centre, Clinical Neurology, SS Annunziata University Hospital, Chieti, Italy.; Vecchio D; Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Neurology Unit, AOU Maggiore Della Carità, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont Avogadro, Novara, Italy.; Sormani MP; Biostatistics Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.; Marfia GA; Multiple Sclerosis Clinical and Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Fondazione PTV Policlinico Tor Vergata, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.

Publisher: SAGE Publications Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9509185 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1477-0970 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13524585 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mult Scler Subsets: MEDLINE

Landi, Doriana; Grimaldi, Alfonso; Bovis, Francesca; Ponzano, Marta; Fantozzi, Roberta; Buttari, Fabio; Signoriello, Elisabetta; Lus, Giacomo; Lucchini, Matteo; Mirabella, Massimiliano; Cellerino, Maria; Inglese, Matilde; Cola, Gaia; Nicoletti, Carolina Gabri; Mataluni, Giorgia; Centonze, Diego; Marfia, Girolama Alessandra

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Cortese, Andrea; Lombardi, Raffaella; Briani, Chiara; Callegari, Ilaria; Benedetti, Luana; Manganelli, Fiore; Luigetti, Marco; Ferrari, Sergio; Clerici, Angelo M.; Marfia, Girolama Alessandra; Rigamonti, Andrea; Carpo, Marinella; Fazio, Raffaella; Corbo, Massimo; Mazzeo, Anna; Giannini, Fabio; Cosentino, Giuseppe; Zardini, Elisabetta; Currò, Riccardo; Gastaldi, Matteo; Vegezzi, Elisa; Alfonsi, Enrico; Berardinelli, Angela; Kouton, Ludivine; Manso, Constance; Giannotta, Claudia; Doneddu, Pietro; Dacci, Patrizia; Piccolo, Laura; Ruiz, Marta; Salvalaggio, Alessandro; De Michelis, Chiara; Spina, Emanuele; Topa, Antonietta; Bisogni, Giulia; Romano, Angela; Mariotto, Sara; Mataluni, Giorgia; Cerri, Federica; Stancanelli, Claudia; Sabatelli, Mario; Schenone, Angelo; Marchioni, Enrico; Lauria, Giuseppe; Nobile-Orazio, Eduardo; Devaux, Jérôme; Franciotta, Diego

Neurology: Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation. Jan 01, 2020 7(1):e639-e639

Prosperini, Luca; Lucchini, Matteo; Haggiag, Shalom; Bellantonio, Paolo; Bianco, Assunta; Buscarinu, Maria Chiara; Buttari, Fabio; Centonze, Diego; Cortese, Antonio; De Giglio, Laura; Fantozzi, Roberta; Ferraro, Elisabetta; Fornasiero, Arianna; Francia, Ada; Galgani, Simonetta; Gasperini, Claudio; Marfia, Girolama Alessandra; Millefiorini, Enrico; Nociti, Viviana; Pontecorvo, Simona; Pozzilli, Carlo; Ruggieri, Serena; Salvetti, Marco; Sgarlata, Eleonora; Mirabella, Massimiliano

Neurology. Jul 10, 2018 91(2):e153-e161

Landi, Doriana; De Rossi, Nicola; Zagaglia, Sara; Scarpazza, Cristina; Prosperini, Luca; Albanese, Maria; Buttari, Fabio; Mori, Francesco; Marfia, Girolama Alessandra; Sormani, Maria Pia; Capra, Ruggero; Centonze, Diego

Neurology. Mar 21, 2017 88(12):1144-1152

Al-Hakem H; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Doets AY; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Stino AM; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Zivkovic SA; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Andersen H; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Willison HJ; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Cornblath DR; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Gorson KC; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Islam Z; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Mohammad QD; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Sindrup SH; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Kusunoki S; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Davidson A; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Casasnovas C; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Bateman K; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Miller JAL; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; van den Berg B; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Verboon C; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Roodbol J; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Leonhard SE; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Arends S; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Luijten LWG; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Benedetti L; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Kuwabara S; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Van den Bergh P; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Monges S; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Marfia GA; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Shahrizaila N; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Galassi G; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Pereon Y; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Bürmann J; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Kuitwaard K; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Kleyweg RP; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Marchesoni C; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Sedano Tous MJ; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Querol L; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Martín-Aguilar L; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Wang Y; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Nobile-Orazio E; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Rinaldi S; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Schenone A; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Pardo J; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Vermeij FH; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Waheed W; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Lehmann HC; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Granit V; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Stein B; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Cavaletti G; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez G; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Barroso FA; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Visser LH; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Katzberg HD; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Dardiotis E; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Attarian S; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; van der Kooi AJ; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Eftimov F; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Wirtz PW; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Samijn JPA; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Gilhuis HJ; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Hadden RDM; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Holt JKL; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Sheikh KA; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Kolb N; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Karafiath S; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Vytopil M; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Antonini G; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Feasby TE; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Faber C; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Kramers H; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Busby M; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Roberts RC; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Silvestri NJ; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Fazio R; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; van Dijk GW; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Garssen MPJ; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Verschuuren J; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Harbo T; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Jacobs BC; From the Department of Neurology (H.A.-H., H.A., T.H.), Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Neurology (A.Y.D., B.v.d.B., C.V., J.R., S.E.L., S. Arends, L.W.G.L., K.K., B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor; Department of Neurology (S.A.Z.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA; Department of Neurology (H.J.W., A.D.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (K.C.G.), St. Elizabeth's Medical Centre, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling (Z.I.); Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) (Z.I.), icddr,b; National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (Q.D.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Neurology (S.H.S.), Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark; Department of Neurology (S. Kusunoki), Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.C.), Neuromuscular Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology (K.B.), Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Neurology (J.A.L.M.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.v.d.B., H.K.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Vlietland Hospital), Schiedam; Department of Neurology (S. Arends, P.W.W.), Haga Hospital, Den Haag; Department of Neurology (L.W.G.L., L.H.V.), St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (L.B.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (S. Kuwabara), Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Japan; Department of Neurology (P.V.d.B.), Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology (S.M.), Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dysimmune Neuropathies Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine (N.S.), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Neurology (G.G.), University Hospital of Modena, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (Y.P.), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Department of Neurology (J.B.), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg (previous hospital), and MVZ Pfalzklinikum (J.B.), Kusel, Germany (current hospital); Department of Neurology (K.K., R.P.K.), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.M.), Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (M.J.S.T.), Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander; Department of Neurology (L.Q., L.M.-A.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERER and ERN-NMD, Spain; Department of Neurology (Y.W.), Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong Province, China; Neuromuscular and Neuroimmunology Service (E.N.-O.), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan University, Italy; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S.R.), University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Rehabilitation, Genetics and Maternal Sciences (A.S.), University of Genova, and IRCCS San Martino Hospital (A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P.), Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Travesia Choupana, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Department of Neurology (F.H.V.), Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland (location: Franciscus Gasthuis), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (W.W., N.K.), University of Vermont Medical Centre, Burlington; Department of Neurology (H.C.L.), University Hospital of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (V.G., B.S.), Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; Department of Neurology (G.C.), University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-G.), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain; Department of Neurology (F.A.B.), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurology (H.D.K.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.D.), University Hospital of Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology (S. Attarian), Reference Centre for NMD, CHU Timone ERN NMD, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (A.J.v.d.K., F.E.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Institute; Department of Neurology (J.P.A.S.), Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (H.J.G.), Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Reinier de Graafweg, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (R.D.M.H.), King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London; Department of Neurology (J.K.L.H.), The Walton Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (K.A.S.), University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston; Department of Biology (N.K., S. Karafiath), Utah Valley University, Orem; Department of Neurology (M.V.), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Burlington, MA; Department of Neurology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) (G.A.), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome 'Sapienza,' Sant' Andrea Hospital, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.E.F.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Leeds Teaching Hospitals; Department of Neurology (R.C.R.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.W.v.D.), Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (M.P.J.G.), Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch; Department of Neurology (J.V.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands. b.jacobs@erasmusmc.nl.

Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0401060 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1526-632X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00283878 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neurology Subsets: MEDLINE

Mandolesi, Georgia; Gentile, Antonietta; Musella, Alessandra; Fresegna, Diego; De Vito, Francesca; Bullitta, Silvia; Sepman, Helena; Marfia, Girolama A.; Centonze, Diego

Nature Reviews Neurology. Dec 01, 2015 11(12):711-724