학술논문
Hormonal effects of estrogen and progesterone in postpartum depression
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Source
Bulletin of Integrative Psychiatry. September 2020, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p87, 8 p.
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
1453-7257
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Based on the fact that studies using animal models have provided important perspectives on the pathogenesis, mechanisms and new therapeutic approaches of human diseases, in this study we provide [...]
Throughout life, women make a sequential transition through states modulated by the relative levels of sex steroid hormones that include pre-puberty, menarche, menstruation, pregnancy, breastfeeding and menopause. In addition, exogenous sex hormones can further alter normal hormonal states, so the risk of major depression in multiparous women is twice as high as in nulliparous women and is particularly high during the years after menopause. These 'reproductive depressions' involve episodes of depression that occur specifically during the premenstrual, postpartum and perimenopause phases in women. There is substantial evidence that estrogen and progesterone vary considerably throughout a woman's life and contribute to changes in brain structure and function. These findings are consistent with functional data indicating an important role for estrogen and progesterone in mediating emotional processing. The aim of the study was to explore the reciprocal relationships between sex steroid hormones, estrogen and progesterone throughout physiological and pathophysiological conditions in nulliparous females compared to multiparous females and to identify the cause of depression in multiparous females. Material and method: 20 Swiss mice, nulliparous females and 15 Swiss mice, multipair females with three pregnancies in number, were used, for which the hormonal dosing was done. Single variance analysis (ANOVA) was used. Results: in the group of nulliparous female mice, an increase of the average values of estrogen wad observed, compared to the group of multiparous female mice. Progesterone levels were not significantly different in the two groups of mice. Conclusions: estrogen values changed significantly between the parameters of nulliparous values compared to multiparous female mice, and progesterone values did not change in the two groups of mice studied, suggesting that the increase in estrogen values in multiparous females might cause postpartum depression. KEYWORDS: Postpartum depression, estrogen, progesterone.
Throughout life, women make a sequential transition through states modulated by the relative levels of sex steroid hormones that include pre-puberty, menarche, menstruation, pregnancy, breastfeeding and menopause. In addition, exogenous sex hormones can further alter normal hormonal states, so the risk of major depression in multiparous women is twice as high as in nulliparous women and is particularly high during the years after menopause. These 'reproductive depressions' involve episodes of depression that occur specifically during the premenstrual, postpartum and perimenopause phases in women. There is substantial evidence that estrogen and progesterone vary considerably throughout a woman's life and contribute to changes in brain structure and function. These findings are consistent with functional data indicating an important role for estrogen and progesterone in mediating emotional processing. The aim of the study was to explore the reciprocal relationships between sex steroid hormones, estrogen and progesterone throughout physiological and pathophysiological conditions in nulliparous females compared to multiparous females and to identify the cause of depression in multiparous females. Material and method: 20 Swiss mice, nulliparous females and 15 Swiss mice, multipair females with three pregnancies in number, were used, for which the hormonal dosing was done. Single variance analysis (ANOVA) was used. Results: in the group of nulliparous female mice, an increase of the average values of estrogen wad observed, compared to the group of multiparous female mice. Progesterone levels were not significantly different in the two groups of mice. Conclusions: estrogen values changed significantly between the parameters of nulliparous values compared to multiparous female mice, and progesterone values did not change in the two groups of mice studied, suggesting that the increase in estrogen values in multiparous females might cause postpartum depression. KEYWORDS: Postpartum depression, estrogen, progesterone.