학술논문
Ginger Extract-Loaded Transethosomes for Effective Transdermal Permeation and Anti-Inflammation in Rat Model
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Document Type
Academic Journal
Source
International Journal of Nanomedicine. March 31, 2023, Vol. 18, p1259, 21 p.
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
1178-2013
Abstract
Introduction Several pathological disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, are triggered by inflammation. Active drug products that inhibit inflammation are potentially used to prevent the development of these disorders. [...]
Introduction: Ginger extract (GE) has sparked great interest due to its numerous biological benefits. However, it suffers from limited skin permeability, which challenges its transdermal application. The target of the current work was to develop transethosomes as a potential nanovehicle to achieve enhanced transdermal delivery of GE through the skin. Methods: GE-loaded transethosomes were prepared by cold injection using different edge activators. The fabricated nanovesicles were evaluated for particle size, [zeta]-potential, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro drug release. The selected formulation was then laden into the hydrogel system and evaluated for ex vivo permeability and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in a carrageenan-induced rat-paw edema model. Results: The selected formulation comprised of sodium deoxycholate exhibited particle size of 188.3[+ or -]7.66 nm, [zeta]-potential of -38.6 [+ or -]0.08 mV, and encapsulation efficiency of 91.0%[+ or -]0.24%. The developed transethosomal hydrogel containing hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was homogeneous, pseudoplastic, and demonstrated sustained drug release. Furthermore, it exhibited improved flux (12.61 [+ or -]0.45 [micro]g.[cm.sup.2]/second), apparent skin permeability (2.43[+ or -]0.008*[10.sup.-6] cm/second), and skin deposition compared to free GE hydrogel. In vivo testing and histopathological examination revealed that the GE transethosomal hydrogel exhibited significant inhibition of edema swelling compared to free GE hydrogel and ketoprofen gel. The animals that were treated with ginger transethosome hydrogel showed a significant decrement in reactive oxygen species and prostaglandin [E.sub.2] compared to untreated animals. Conclusion: Transethosomes might be a promising new vehicle for GE for effective skin permeation and anti- inflammation. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first utilization of transethosomes laden into hydrogel as a novel transdermal delivery system of GE. Keywords: nanovesicles, transethosomes, ginger, ex vivo permeation, transdermal delivery, inflammation
Introduction: Ginger extract (GE) has sparked great interest due to its numerous biological benefits. However, it suffers from limited skin permeability, which challenges its transdermal application. The target of the current work was to develop transethosomes as a potential nanovehicle to achieve enhanced transdermal delivery of GE through the skin. Methods: GE-loaded transethosomes were prepared by cold injection using different edge activators. The fabricated nanovesicles were evaluated for particle size, [zeta]-potential, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro drug release. The selected formulation was then laden into the hydrogel system and evaluated for ex vivo permeability and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in a carrageenan-induced rat-paw edema model. Results: The selected formulation comprised of sodium deoxycholate exhibited particle size of 188.3[+ or -]7.66 nm, [zeta]-potential of -38.6 [+ or -]0.08 mV, and encapsulation efficiency of 91.0%[+ or -]0.24%. The developed transethosomal hydrogel containing hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was homogeneous, pseudoplastic, and demonstrated sustained drug release. Furthermore, it exhibited improved flux (12.61 [+ or -]0.45 [micro]g.[cm.sup.2]/second), apparent skin permeability (2.43[+ or -]0.008*[10.sup.-6] cm/second), and skin deposition compared to free GE hydrogel. In vivo testing and histopathological examination revealed that the GE transethosomal hydrogel exhibited significant inhibition of edema swelling compared to free GE hydrogel and ketoprofen gel. The animals that were treated with ginger transethosome hydrogel showed a significant decrement in reactive oxygen species and prostaglandin [E.sub.2] compared to untreated animals. Conclusion: Transethosomes might be a promising new vehicle for GE for effective skin permeation and anti- inflammation. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first utilization of transethosomes laden into hydrogel as a novel transdermal delivery system of GE. Keywords: nanovesicles, transethosomes, ginger, ex vivo permeation, transdermal delivery, inflammation