학술논문
SN 2016ije: An SN 2002es-like Type Ia Supernova Exploded in a Metal-poor and Low-surface Brightness Galaxy
Document Type
Working Paper
Author
Li, Zhitong; Zhang, Tianmeng; Wang, Xiaofeng; Zhang, Jujia; Galbany, Lluís; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Brink, Thomas G.; Ashall, Chris; Zheng, WeiKang; de Jaeger, Thomas; Ragosta, Fabio; Deckers, Maxime; Gromadzki, Mariusz; Young, D. R.; Xi, Gaobo; Chen, Juncheng; Zhao, Xulin; Sai, Hanna; Yan, Shengyu; Xiang, Danfeng; Chen, Zhihao; Li, Wenxiong; Wang, Bo; Zou, Hu; Sui, Jipeng; Wang, Jiali; Ma, Jun; Nie, Jundan; Xue, Suijian; Zhou, Xu; Zhou, Zhimin
Source
Subject
Language
Abstract
We have conducted photometric and spectroscopic observations of the peculiar Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2016ije that was discovered through the Tsinghua-NAOC Transient Survey. This peculiar object exploded in the outskirts of a metal-poor, low-surface brightness galaxy (i.e., $M_{g}$ = $-$14.5 mag). Our photometric analysis reveals that SN 2016ije is subluminous ($M_{B,\rm{max}}$ = $-$17.65$\pm$0.06 mag) but exhibits relatively broad light curves (${\Delta}m_{15}(B)$ = 1.35$\pm$0.14 mag), similar to the behavior of SN 2002es. Our analysis of the bolometric light curve indicates that only 0.14$\pm$0.04 $M_{\odot}$ of $^{56}$Ni was synthesized in the explosion of SN 2016ije, which suggests a less energetic thermonuclear explosion when compared to normal SNe Ia, and this left a considerable amount of unburned materials in the ejecta. Spectroscopically, SN 2016ije resembles other SN 2002es-like SNe Ia, except that the ejecta velocity inferred from its carbon absorption line ($\sim$ 4500 km s$^{-1}$) is much lower than that from silicon lines ($\sim$ 8300 km s$^{-1}$) at around the maximum light. Additionally, most of the absorption lines are broader than other 02es-like SNe Ia. These peculiarities suggest the presence of significant unburned carbon in the inner region and a wide line-forming region along the line of sight. These characteristics suggest that SN 2016ije might originate from the violent merger of a white dwarf binary system, when viewed near an orientation along the iron-group-element cavity caused by the companion star.
Comment: 25 pages, 13 figures
Comment: 25 pages, 13 figures