학술논문
Factors associated with mechanical ventilation longer than 24 h after liver transplantation in patients at risk for bleeding.
Document Type
Article
Author
Source
Subject
*HEMORRHAGE risk factors
*INTENSIVE care units
*EVALUATION of medical care
*RELATIVE medical risk
*LENGTH of stay in hospitals
*TIME
*AGE distribution
*SURGICAL complications
*REGRESSION analysis
*ARTIFICIAL respiration
*RISK assessment
*SEX distribution
*SEVERITY of illness index
*DESCRIPTIVE statistics
*RESEARCH funding
*LIVER transplantation
*RED blood cell transfusion
*DATA analysis software
*LIVER failure
*LONGITUDINAL method
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Language
ISSN
1471-2253
Abstract
Background: This risk analysis aimed to explore all modifiable factors associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation (lasting > 24 h) after liver transplantation, based on prospectively collected data from a clinical trial. Methods: We evaluated 306 candidates. Ninety-three patients were excluded for low risk for transfusion (preoperative haemoglobin > 130 g.l−1), and 31 patients were excluded for anticoagulation therapy, bleeding disorders, familial polyneuropathy, or emergency status. Risk factors were initially identified with a log-binomial regression model. Relative risk was then calculated and adjusted for age, sex, and disease severity (Model for End-Stage Liver Disease [MELD] score). Results: Early tracheal extubation was performed in 149 patients (84.7%), and 27 patients (15.3%) required prolonged mechanical ventilation. Reoperations were required for 6.04% of the early extubated patients and 44% of patients who underwent prolonged ventilation (p = 0.001). A MELD score > 23 was the main risk factor for prolonged ventilation. Once modifiable risk factors were adjusted for MELD score, sex, and age, three factors were significantly associated with prolonged ventilation: tranexamic acid (p = 0.007) and red blood cell (p = 0.001) infusion and the occurrence of postreperfusion syndrome (p = 0.004). The median (IQR) ICU stay was 3 (2–4) days in the early extubation group vs. 5 (3–10) days in the prolonged ventilation group (p = 0.001). The median hospital stay was also significantly shorter after early extubation, at 14 (10–24) days, vs. 25 (14–55) days in the prolonged ventilation group (p = 0.001). Eight patients in the early-extubation group (5.52%) were readmitted to the ICU, nearly all for reoperations, with no between-group differences in ICU readmissions (prolonged ventilation group, 3.7%). Conclusion. We conclude that bleeding and postreperfusion syndrome are the main modifiable factors associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation and length of ICU stay, suggesting that trials should explore vasopressor support strategies and other interventions prior to graft reperfusion that might prevent potential fibrinolysis. Trial Registration. European Clinical Trials Database (EudraCT 2018–002510-13,) and on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01539057). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]