학술논문
Intracranial and subcortical volumes in adolescents with early-onset psychosis: A multisite mega-analysis from the ENIGMA consortium.
Document Type
article
Author
Gurholt, Tiril P; Lonning, Vera; Nerland, Stener; Jørgensen, Kjetil N; Haukvik, Unn K; Alloza, Clara; Arango, Celso; Barth, Claudia; Bearden, Carrie E; Berk, Michael; Bohman, Hannes; Dandash, Orwa; Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga M; Edbom, Carl T; van Erp, Theo GM; Fett, Anne-Kathrin J; Frangou, Sophia; Goldstein, Benjamin I; Grigorian, Anahit; Jahanshad, Neda; James, Anthony C; Janssen, Joost; Johannessen, Cecilie; Karlsgodt, Katherine H; Kempton, Matthew J; Kochunov, Peter; Krabbendam, Lydia; Kyriakopoulos, Marinos; Lundberg, Mathias; MacIntosh, Bradley J; Rund, Bjørn Rishovd; Smelror, Runar E; Sultan, Alysha; Tamnes, Christian K; Thomopoulos, Sophia I; Vajdi, Ariana; Wedervang-Resell, Kirsten; Myhre, Anne M; Andreassen, Ole A; Thompson, Paul M; Agartz, Ingrid; ENIGMA-EOP Working Group
Source
Human brain mapping. 43(1)
Subject
Language
Abstract
Early-onset psychosis disorders are serious mental disorders arising before the age of 18 years. Here, we investigate the largest neuroimaging dataset, to date, of patients with early-onset psychosis and healthy controls for differences in intracranial and subcortical brain volumes. The sample included 263 patients with early-onset psychosis (mean age: 16.4 ± 1.4 years, mean illness duration: 1.5 ± 1.4 years, 39.2% female) and 359 healthy controls (mean age: 15.9 ± 1.7 years, 45.4% female) with magnetic resonance imaging data, pooled from 11 clinical cohorts. Patients were diagnosed with early-onset schizophrenia (n = 183), affective psychosis (n = 39), or other psychotic disorders (n = 41). We used linear mixed-effects models to investigate differences in intracranial and subcortical volumes across the patient sample, diagnostic subgroup and antipsychotic medication, relative to controls. We observed significantly lower intracranial (Cohen's d = -0.39) and hippocampal (d = -0.25) volumes, and higher caudate (d = 0.25) and pallidum (d = 0.24) volumes in patients relative to controls. Intracranial volume was lower in both early-onset schizophrenia (d = -0.34) and affective psychosis (d = -0.42), and early-onset schizophrenia showed lower hippocampal (d = -0.24) and higher pallidum (d = 0.29) volumes. Patients who were currently treated with antipsychotic medication (n = 193) had significantly lower intracranial volume (d = -0.42). The findings demonstrate a similar pattern of brain alterations in early-onset psychosis as previously reported in adult psychosis, but with notably low intracranial volume. The low intracranial volume suggests disrupted neurodevelopment in adolescent early-onset psychosis.