학술논문

Preexisting autoantibodies to type I IFNs underlie critical COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with APS-1
Document Type
article
Source
Journal of Experimental Medicine. 218(7)
Subject
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences
Clinical Sciences
Prevention
Infectious Diseases
Rare Diseases
Pneumonia
Pneumonia & Influenza
Autoimmune Disease
Clinical Research
Lung
Adolescent
Adult
Autoantibodies
COVID-19
Child
Female
Humans
Interferon Type I
Male
Middle Aged
Polyendocrinopathies
Autoimmune
SARS-CoV-2
Young Adult
Medical and Health Sciences
Immunology
Biomedical and clinical sciences
Health sciences
Language
Abstract
Patients with biallelic loss-of-function variants of AIRE suffer from autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type-1 (APS-1) and produce a broad range of autoantibodies (auto-Abs), including circulating auto-Abs neutralizing most type I interferons (IFNs). These auto-Abs were recently reported to account for at least 10% of cases of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia in the general population. We report 22 APS-1 patients from 21 kindreds in seven countries, aged between 8 and 48 yr and infected with SARS-CoV-2 since February 2020. The 21 patients tested had auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-α subtypes and/or IFN-ω; one had anti-IFN-β and another anti-IFN-ε, but none had anti-IFN-κ. Strikingly, 19 patients (86%) were hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia, including 15 (68%) admitted to an intensive care unit, 11 (50%) who required mechanical ventilation, and four (18%) who died. Ambulatory disease in three patients (14%) was possibly accounted for by prior or early specific interventions. Preexisting auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs in APS-1 patients confer a very high risk of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia at any age.