학술논문
Základní principy a úskalí rehabilitace u diabetiků po amputaci
Basic principles and difficulties relating to rehabilitation in diabetic patients following amputation
Basic principles and difficulties relating to rehabilitation in diabetic patients following amputation
Document Type
TEXT
Source
Vnitřní lékařství : orgán Československé společnosti pro vnitřní lékařství, sekce Československé lékařské společnosti J. E. Purkyně | 2015 Volume:61 | Number:6
Subject
Language
Czech
English
English
Abstract
Nejčastější indikací k amputaci jsou v České republice choroby cév právě v důsledku diabetes mellitus. Diabetičtí pacienti po amputaci jsou na rozdíl od ostatních amputovaných velmi často zatíženi mnohočetnými komplikacemi. Jedná se o komplikace celkové i lokální. Ty jsou pak limitací pro rehabilitační péči a vybavení protézou. Hlavním cílem léčebné rehabilitace je nácvik lokomoce s protézou a navrácení pacienta do plnohodnotného života. Podílí se na ní celý tým odborníků s nutností jejich provázanosti. Vlastní rehabilitační péči o pacienty po amputaci rozdělujeme na akutní a následnou. V předoperační péči se snažíme o zlepšení fyzického i psychického stavu. Po operaci pacienta dle jeho možností a stavu co nejdříve vertikalizujeme, provádíme dechovou a cévní gymnastiku, prevenci tromboembolické nemoci a začínáme s péčí o pahýl. Po zhojení a vytvarování pahýlu se pacient vybaví protézou. Pacienti vybavení protézou jsou zařazeni do tzv. školy chůze, kde se učí nejen zacházet s protézou, ale také chodit v interiéru, exteriéru a zdolávat běžné terénní nerovnosti.
Vascular diseases as a result of diabetes mellitus are the most frequent indication for amputation in the Czech republic. Diabetic patients following amputation, unlike the other amputees, very frequently suffer multiple complications. These are both of general and local nature and pose a limitation to rehabilitation care as well as a prosthesis use. The main goal of therapeutic rehabilitation is the practice of locomotion with a prosthesis (artificial limb) and the patient‘s full return to normal life. A team of closely cooperating specialists is involved. The rehabilitation care of amputees is divided into acute and aftercare. Within preoperative care we try to improve the patient‘s physical and psychological condition. Following surgery we verticalize the patient as soon as possible depending on his/her possibilities and condition, we carry out breathing and vascular gymnastics and prevention of thromboembolic disease and we start the care of the stump. When the stump has been healed and shaped, the patient is provided with an artificial limb. The patients equipped with an artificial limb take a walking course where they learn how to handle the limb as well as walk indoors and outdoors and cope with common terrain unevenness.
Martin Jindra, Bohuslava Věchtová, Jana Bielmeierová
Vascular diseases as a result of diabetes mellitus are the most frequent indication for amputation in the Czech republic. Diabetic patients following amputation, unlike the other amputees, very frequently suffer multiple complications. These are both of general and local nature and pose a limitation to rehabilitation care as well as a prosthesis use. The main goal of therapeutic rehabilitation is the practice of locomotion with a prosthesis (artificial limb) and the patient‘s full return to normal life. A team of closely cooperating specialists is involved. The rehabilitation care of amputees is divided into acute and aftercare. Within preoperative care we try to improve the patient‘s physical and psychological condition. Following surgery we verticalize the patient as soon as possible depending on his/her possibilities and condition, we carry out breathing and vascular gymnastics and prevention of thromboembolic disease and we start the care of the stump. When the stump has been healed and shaped, the patient is provided with an artificial limb. The patients equipped with an artificial limb take a walking course where they learn how to handle the limb as well as walk indoors and outdoors and cope with common terrain unevenness.
Martin Jindra, Bohuslava Věchtová, Jana Bielmeierová