학술논문
A detailed study of the very-high-energy Crab pulsar emission with the LST-1
Document Type
Working Paper
Author
Project, CTA-LST; Abe, K.; Abe, S.; Abhishek, A.; Acero, F.; Aguasca-Cabot, A.; Agudo, I.; Crespo, N. Alvarez; Antonelli, L. A.; Aramo, C.; Arbet-Engels, A.; Arcaro, C.; Artero, M.; Asano, K.; Aubert, P.; Baktash, A.; Bamba, A.; Larriva, A. Baquero; Baroncelli, L.; de Almeida, U. Barres; Barrio, J. A.; Batkovic, I.; Baxter, J.; González, J. Becerra; Bernardini, E.; Medrano, J. Bernete; Berti, A.; Bhattacharjee, P.; Bigongiari, C.; Bissaldi, E.; Blanch, O.; Bonnoli, G.; Bordas, P.; Brunelli, G.; Bulgarelli, A.; Burelli, I.; Burmistrov, L.; Buscemi, M.; Cardillo, M.; Caroff, S.; Carosi, A.; Carrasco, M. S.; Cassol, F.; Castrejón, N.; Cauz, D.; Cerasole, D.; Ceribella, G.; Chai, Y.; Cheng, K.; Chiavassa, A.; Chikawa, M.; Chon, G.; Chytka, L.; Cicciari, G. M.; Cifuentes, A.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Costantini, H.; Da Vela, P.; Dalchenko, M.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; de Lavergne, M. de Bony; De Lotto, B.; de Menezes, R.; Del Peral, L.; Delgado, C.; Mengual, J. Delgado; della Volpe, D.; Dellaiera, M.; Di Piano, A.; Di Pierro, F.; Di Tria, R.; Di Venere, L.; Díaz, C.; Dominik, R. M.; Prester, D. Dominis; Donini, A.; Dorner, D.; Doro, M.; Eisenberger, L.; Elsässer, D.; Emery, G.; Escudero, J.; Ramazani, V. Fallah; Ferrarotto, F.; Fiasson, A.; Foffano, L.; Coromina, L. Freixas; Fröse, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; López, R. Garcia; Gasbarra, C.; Gasparrini, D.; Gavira, L.; Geyer, D.; Paiva, J. Giesbrecht; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Gliwny, P.; Godinovic, N.; Grau, R.; Green, D.; Green, J.; Gunji, S.; Günther, P.; Hackfeld, J.; Hadasch, D.; Hahn, A.; Hassan, T.; Hayashi, K.; Heckmann, L.; Heller, M.; Llorente, J. Herrera; Hirotani, K.; Hoffmann, D.; Horns, D.; Houles, J.; Hrabovsky, M.; Hrupec, D.; Hui, D.; Iarlori, M.; Imazawa, R.; Inada, T.; Inome, Y.; Ioka, K.; Iori, M.; Martinez, I. Jimenez; Quiles, J. Jiménez; Jurysek, J.; Kagaya, M.; Karas, V.; Katagiri, H.; Kataoka, J.; Kerszberg, D.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kohri, K.; Kong, A.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; Lainez, M.; Lamanna, G.; Lamastra, A.; Lemoigne, L.; Linhoff, M.; Longo, F.; López-Coto, R.; López-Moya, M.; López-Oramas, A.; Loporchio, S.; Lorini, A.; Bahilo, J. Lozano; Luque-Escamilla, P. L.; Majumdar, P.; Makariev, M.; Mallamaci, M.; Mandat, D.; Manganaro, M.; Manicò, G.; Mannheim, K.; Marchesi, S.; Mariotti, M.; Marquez, P.; Marsella, G.; Martí, J.; Martinez, O.; Martínez, G.; Martínez, M.; Mas-Aguilar, A.; Maurin, G.; Mazin, D.; Guillen, E. Mestre; Micanovic, S.; Miceli, D.; Miener, T.; Miranda, J. M.; Mirzoyan, R.; Mizuno, T.; Gonzalez, M. Molero; Molina, E.; Montaruli, T.; Moralejo, A.; Morcuende, D.; Morselli, A.; Moya, V.; Muraishi, H.; Nagataki, S.; Nakamori, T.; Neronov, A.; Nickel, L.; Rosillo, M. Nievas; Nikolic, L.; Nishijima, K.; Noda, K.; Nosek, D.; Novotny, V.; Nozaki, S.; Ohishi, M.; Ohtani, Y.; Oka, T.; Okumura, A.; Orito, R.; Otero-Santos, J.; Ottanelli, P.; Owen, E.; Palatiello, M.; Paneque, D.; Pantaleo, F. R.; Paoletti, R.; Paredes, J. M.; Pech, M.; Pecimotika, M.; Peresano, M.; Pfeiffle, F.; Pietropaolo, E.; Pihet, M.; Pirola, G.; Plard, C.; Podobnik, F.; Pons, E.; Prandini, E.; Priyadarshi, C.; Prouza, M.; Rando, R.; Rhode, W.; Ribó, M.; Righi, C.; Rizi, V.; Fernandez, G. Rodriguez; Frías, M. D. Rodríguez; Saito, T.; Sakurai, S.; Sanchez, D. A.; Sano, H.; Šarić, T.; Sato, Y.; Saturni, F. G.; Savchenko, V.; Schiavone, F.; Schleicher, B.; Schmuckermaier, F.; Schubert, J. L.; Schussler, F.; Schweizer, T.; Arroyo, M. Seglar; Siegert, T.; Silvia, R.; Sitarek, J.; Sliusar, V.; Strišković, J.; Strzys, M.; Suda, Y.; Tajima, H.; Takahashi, H.; Takahashi, M.; Takata, J.; Takeishi, R.; Tam, P. H. T.; Tanaka, S. J.; Tateishi, D.; Tavernier, T.; Temnikov, P.; Terada, Y.; Terauchi, K.; Terzic, T.; Teshima, M.; Tluczykont, M.; Tokanai, F.; Torres, D. F.; Travnicek, P.; Truzzi, S.; Tutone, A.; Vacula, M.; Vallania, P.; van Scherpenberg, J.; Acosta, M. Vázquez; Verna, G.; Viale, I.; Vigliano, A.; Vigorito, C. F.; Visentin, E.; Vitale, V.; Voitsekhovskyi, V.; Voutsinas, G.; Vovk, I.; Vuillaume, T.; Walter, R.; Wan, L.; Will, M.; Yamamoto, T.; Yamazaki, R.; Yeung, P. K. H.; Yoshida, T.; Yoshikoshi, T.; Zhang, W.; Zywucka, N.
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Abstract
Context: There are currently three pulsars firmly detected by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs), two of them reaching TeV energies, challenging models of very-high-energy (VHE) emission in pulsars. More precise observations are needed to better characterize pulsar emission at these energies. The LST-1 is the prototype of the Large-Sized Telescope, that will be part of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO). Its improved performance over previous IACTs makes it well suited for studying pulsars. Aims: To study the Crab pulsar emission with the LST-1, improving and complementing the results from other telescopes. These observations can also be used to characterize the potential of the LST-1 to study other pulsars and detect new ones. Methods: We analyzed a total of $\sim$103 hours of gamma-ray observations of the Crab pulsar conducted with the LST-1 in the period from September 2020 to January 2023. The observations were carried out at zenith angles less than 50 degrees. A new analysis of the Fermi-LAT data was also performed, including $\sim$14 years of observations. Results: The Crab pulsar phaseogram, long-term light-curve, and phase-resolved spectra are reconstructed with the LST-1 from 20 GeV to 450 GeV for P1 and up to 700 GeV for P2. The pulsed emission is detected with a significance of 15.2$\sigma$. The two characteristic emission peaks of the Crab pulsar are clearly detected (>10$\sigma$), as well as the so-called bridge emission (5.7$\sigma$). We find that both peaks are well described by power laws, with spectral indices of $\sim$3.44 and $\sim$3.03 respectively. The joint analysis of Fermi-LAT and LST-1 data shows a good agreement between both instruments in the overlapping energy range. The detailed results obtained in the first observations of the Crab pulsar with LST-1 show the potential that CTAO will have to study this type of sources.
Comment: Accepted by A&A
Comment: Accepted by A&A