학술논문
Capturing the fusion of two ancestries and kinship structures in Merovingian Flanders.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Sasso S; Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.; Saag L; Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.; Spros R; Research Unit: Archaeology, Environmental Changes and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.; Research Unit: Social History of Capitalism, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.; Beneker O; Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.; Molinaro L; Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.; Biagini SA; Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.; Institut de Biologia Evolutiva, Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.; Lehouck A; Abdijmuseum Ten Duinen, 8670 Koksijde, Belgium.; Van De Vijver K; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.; Hui R; Alan Turing Institute, NW1 2DB London, United Kingdom.; D'Atanasio E; Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council, Rome, Italy.; Kushniarevich A; Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.; Kabral H; Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.; Metspalu E; Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.; Guellil M; Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria.; Ali MQA; Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.; Geypen J; Histories vzw, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.; Hoebreckx M; Aron bv, 3740 Bilzen, Belgium.; Berk B; Birgit Berk Fysische Anthropologie, 6231EC Meerssen, Netherlands.; De Winter N; Aron bv, 3740 Bilzen, Belgium.; Driesen P; Aron bv, 3740 Bilzen, Belgium.; Pijpelink A; Crematie en Inhumatie Analyse (CRINA) Fysische Antropologie, 5237 JG 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands.; Van Damme P; Department of Neurology, KU Leuven and Center for Brain & Disease Research Vlaamse Instituut voor Biotechnologie, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.; Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven and Center for Brain & Disease Research VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.; Scheib CL; Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.; Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, CB2 3EJ Cambridge, United Kingdom.; Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, CB2 3DZ Cambridge, United Kingdom.; St John's College, University of Cambridge, CB2 1TP Cambridge, United Kingdom.; Deschepper E; Historical Archaeology Research Group, Department of Archaeology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.; Deckers P; Research Unit: Archaeology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.; Snoeck C; Research Unit: Archaeology, Environmental Changes and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.; Dewilde M; Flanders Heritage Agency, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.; Ervynck A; Flanders Heritage Agency, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.; Tambets K; Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.; Larmuseau MHD; Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.; Kivisild T; Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.; Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Source
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7505876 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1091-6490 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00278424 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
The Merovingian period (5th to 8th cc AD) was a time of demographic, socioeconomic, cultural, and political realignment in Western Europe. Here, we report the whole-genome shotgun sequence data of 30 human skeletal remains from a coastal Late Merovingian site of Koksijde (675 to 750 AD), alongside 18 remains from two Early to Late Medieval sites in present-day Flanders, Belgium. We find two distinct ancestries, one shared with Early Medieval England and the Netherlands, while the other, minor component, reflecting likely continental Gaulish ancestry. Kinship analyses identified no large pedigrees characteristic to elite burials revealing instead a high modularity of distant relationships among individuals of the main ancestry group. In contrast, individuals with >90% Gaulish ancestry had no kinship links among sampled individuals. Evidence for population structure and major differences in the extent of Gaulish ancestry in the main group, including in a mother-daughter pair, suggests ongoing admixture in the community at the time of their burial. The isotopic and genetic evidence combined supports a model by which the burials, representing an established coastal nonelite community, had incorporated migrants from inland populations. The main group of burials at Koksijde shows an abundance of >5 cM long shared allelic intervals with the High Medieval site nearby, implying long-term continuity and suggesting that similarly to Britain, the Early Medieval ancestry shifts left a significant and long-lasting impact on the genetic makeup of the Flemish population. We find substantial allele frequency differences between the two ancestry groups in pigmentation and diet-associated variants, including those linked with lactase persistence, likely reflecting ancestry change rather than local adaptation.
Competing Interests: Competing interests statement:The authors declare no competing interest.
Competing Interests: Competing interests statement:The authors declare no competing interest.