학술논문
Gambling problems predict suicidality in recently transitioned military veterans.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Metcalf O; Phoenix Australia - Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne. Electronic address: Olivia.Metcalf@unimelb.edu.au.; Roebuck G; Phoenix Australia - Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne; The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Deakin University, and Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.; Lawrence-Wood E; Phoenix Australia - Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne.; Sadler N; Phoenix Australia - Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne.; Baur J; Phoenix Australia - Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne.; Van Hooff M; Military and Emergency Services Health Australia, The Hospital Research Foundation, Adelaide.; Forbes D; Phoenix Australia - Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne.; O'Donnell M; Phoenix Australia - Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne.; Hodson S; Open Arms - Veteran & Families Counselling, Department of Veterans' Affairs, Canberra.; Benassi H; Joint Health Command, Joint Capabilities Group, Australian Department of Defence.; Varker T; Phoenix Australia - Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne.; Battersby M; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide.; McFarlane AC; Phoenix Australia - Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne.; Cowlishaw S; Phoenix Australia - Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, United Kingdom.
Source
Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9611095 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1753-6405 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13260200 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Aust N Z J Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Objective: This study investigated associations between gambling problems and suicidality in Australian veterans.
Methods: Data drawn from n = 3,511 Australian Defence Force veterans who had recently transitioned to civilian life. Gambling problems were assessed using the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) and suicidal ideation and behaviour were assessed using items adapted from the National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing.
Results: At-risk gambling and problem gambling were associated with increased odds of suicidal ideation [at-risk gambling: odds ratio (OR), 1.93; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.47‒2.53; problem gambling: OR, 2.75; 95% CI 1.86‒4.06] and suicide planning or attempts (at-risk gambling: OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.39‒3.06; problem gambling: OR 4.22, 95% CI, 2.61‒6.81). The association with total scores on the PGSI and any suicidality was substantially reduced and became non-significant when controlling for the effects of depressive symptoms, but not financial hardship or social support.
Conclusions: Gambling problems and harms are important risk factors for suicide in veterans, and should be recognised in veteran-specific suicide prevention policies and programs, along with co-occurring mental health problems.
Implications for Public Health: A comprehensive public health approach to reducing gambling harm should feature in suicide prevention efforts in veteran and military populations.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Dr Olivia Metcalf reports financial support was provided by Victorian Responsible Gambling Foundation.
(Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Methods: Data drawn from n = 3,511 Australian Defence Force veterans who had recently transitioned to civilian life. Gambling problems were assessed using the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) and suicidal ideation and behaviour were assessed using items adapted from the National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing.
Results: At-risk gambling and problem gambling were associated with increased odds of suicidal ideation [at-risk gambling: odds ratio (OR), 1.93; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.47‒2.53; problem gambling: OR, 2.75; 95% CI 1.86‒4.06] and suicide planning or attempts (at-risk gambling: OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.39‒3.06; problem gambling: OR 4.22, 95% CI, 2.61‒6.81). The association with total scores on the PGSI and any suicidality was substantially reduced and became non-significant when controlling for the effects of depressive symptoms, but not financial hardship or social support.
Conclusions: Gambling problems and harms are important risk factors for suicide in veterans, and should be recognised in veteran-specific suicide prevention policies and programs, along with co-occurring mental health problems.
Implications for Public Health: A comprehensive public health approach to reducing gambling harm should feature in suicide prevention efforts in veteran and military populations.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Dr Olivia Metcalf reports financial support was provided by Victorian Responsible Gambling Foundation.
(Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)