학술논문

Gene-educational attainment interactions in a multi-population genome-wide meta-analysis identify novel lipid loci.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
de Las Fuentes L; Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.; Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.; Schwander KL; Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.; Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.; Brown MR; Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.; Bentley AR; Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.; Winkler TW; Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.; Sung YJ; Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.; Munroe PB; Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.; National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.; Miller CL; Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States.; Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States.; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States.; Aschard H; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.; Département de Génomes et Génétique, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France.; Aslibekyan S; School of Public Health, Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.; Bartz TM; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.; Bielak LF; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.; Chai JF; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.; Cheng CY; Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Medical School, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; Dorajoo R; Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.; Feitosa MF; Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.; Guo X; Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.; Hartwig FP; Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.; Horimoto A; Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.; Kolčić I; University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia.; Algebra University College, Zagreb, Croatia.; Lim E; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.; Liu Y; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States.; Manning AK; Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.; Marten J; Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; Musani SK; Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States.; Noordam R; Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.; Padmanabhan S; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.; Rankinen T; Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States.; Richard MA; Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.; Ridker PM; Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.; Smith AV; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland.; Vojinovic D; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.; Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.; Zonderman AB; Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.; National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.; Alver M; Estonian Genome Center, Insititute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.; Boissel M; European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France.; University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France.; Christensen K; Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.; Freedman BI; Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.; Gao C; Molecular Genetics and Genomics Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.; Giulianini F; Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.; Harris SE; Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; He M; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Hsu FC; Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.; Kühnel B; Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.; Laguzzi F; Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.; Li X; Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland, OH, United States.; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN, United States.; Lyytikäinen LP; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.; Nolte IM; Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.; Poveda A; Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.; Rauramaa R; Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.; Riaz M; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.; Robino A; Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.; Sofer T; Biostatistics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States.; Takeuchi F; Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.; Tayo BO; Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States.; van der Most PJ; Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.; Verweij N; Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.; Ware EB; Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.; Weiss S; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald and University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Greifswald, Germany.; Wen W; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.; Yanek LR; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.; Zhan Y; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.; Amin N; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.; Arking DE; Department of Genetic Medicine, McKusick-Nathans Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.; Ballantyne C; Section of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.; Houston Methodist Debakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX, United States.; Boerwinkle E; Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.; Brody JA; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.; Broeckel U; Section on Genomic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.; Campbell A; Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; Canouil M; European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France.; University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France.; Chai X; Data Science Unit, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.; Chen YI; Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.; Chen X; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.; Chitrala KN; Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.; Concas MP; Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.; de Faire U; Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.; de Mutsert R; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.; de Silva HJ; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka.; de Vries PS; Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.; Do A; Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.; Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.; Faul JD; Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.; Fisher V; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.; Floyd JS; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.; Forrester T; Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica.; Friedlander Y; Braun School of Public Health, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.; Girotto G; Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.; Gu CC; Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.; Hallmans G; Section for Nutritional Research, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.; Heikkinen S; Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.; Heng CK; Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; Khoo Teck Puat National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.; Homuth G; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald and University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.; Hunt S; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.; Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Doha, Qatar.; Ikram MA; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.; Jacobs DR Jr; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.; Kavousi M; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.; Khor CC; Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.; Kilpeläinen TO; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.; Koh WP; Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore.; Komulainen P; Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.; Langefeld CD; Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.; Liang J; Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland, OH, United States.; Liu K; Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.; Liu J; Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.; Lohman K; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States.; Mägi R; Estonian Genome Center, Insititute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.; Manichaikul AW; Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States.; McKenzie CA; Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica.; Meitinger T; Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.; Milaneschi Y; Psychiatry, VU Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam, Netherlands.; Nauck M; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Greifswald, Germany.; Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.; Nelson CP; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.; O'Connell JR; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.; Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.; Palmer ND; Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.; Pereira AC; Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.; Perls T; Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.; Peters A; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Neuherberg, Germany.; Polašek O; University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia.; Algebra University College, Zagreb, Croatia.; Raitakari OT; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.; Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.; Rice K; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.; Rice TK; Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.; Rich SS; Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States.; Sabanayagam C; Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Medical School, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; Schreiner PJ; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.; Shu XO; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.; Sidney S; Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States.; Sims M; Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States.; Smith JA; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.; Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.; Starr JM; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; Strauch K; German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany.; Institute of Medical Informatics Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.; Tai ES; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.; Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.; Taylor KD; Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.; Tsai MY; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Minneapolis, MN, United States.; Uitterlinden AG; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.; van Heemst D; Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.; Waldenberger M; Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.; Wang YX; Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.; Wei WB; Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.; Wilson G; Jackson Heart Study Graduate Training Center, School of Public, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, United States.; Xuan D; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.; Yao J; Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.; Yu C; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Yuan JM; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.; Zhao W; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.; Becker DM; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.; Bonnefond A; European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France.; University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France.; Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.; Bowden DW; Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.; Cooper RS; Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States.; Deary IJ; Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; Divers J; Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.; Esko T; Estonian Genome Center, Insititute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.; Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States.; Franks PW; Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.; Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.; Department of Nutrition, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.; Froguel P; European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France.; University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France.; Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.; Gieger C; Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.; German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany.; Jonas JB; Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.; Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.; Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland.; Kato N; Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.; Lakka TA; Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.; Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.; Leander K; Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.; Lehtimäki T; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.; Magnusson PKE; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.; North KE; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.; Ntalla I; Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.; Celgene, Bristol Myers Squibb, Mississauga, ON, Canada.; Penninx B; Psychiatry, VU Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam, Netherlands.; Samani NJ; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.; Snieder H; Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.; Spedicati B; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.; van der Harst P; Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.; Völzke H; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Greifswald, Germany.; Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.; Wagenknecht LE; Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.; Weir DR; Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.; Wojczynski MK; Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.; Wu T; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Zheng W; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.; Zhu X; Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland, OH, United States.; Bouchard C; Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States.; Chasman DI; Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.; Evans MK; Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.; National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.; Fox ER; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States.; Gudnason V; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland.; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.; Hayward C; Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; Horta BL; Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.; Kardia SLR; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.; Krieger JE; Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.; Mook-Kanamori DO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.; Peyser PA; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.; Province MM; Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.; Psaty BM; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.; Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.; Rudan I; Centre for Global Health, The Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; Sim X; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.; Smith BH; Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.; van Dam RM; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.; Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States.; van Duijn CM; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.; Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.; Wong TY; Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Medical School, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; Arnett DK; College of Public Health, Dean's Office, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.; Rao DC; Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.; Gauderman J; Division of Biostatistics, Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.; Liu CT; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.; Morrison AC; Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.; Rotter JI; Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.; Fornage M; Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.; Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.
Source
Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101560621 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 1664-8021 (Print) Linking ISSN: 16648021 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Genet Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
ISSN
1664-8021
Abstract
Introduction: Educational attainment, widely used in epidemiologic studies as a surrogate for socioeconomic status, is a predictor of cardiovascular health outcomes. Methods: A two-stage genome-wide meta-analysis of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) levels was performed while accounting for gene-educational attainment interactions in up to 226,315 individuals from five population groups. We considered two educational attainment variables: "Some College" (yes/no, for any education beyond high school) and "Graduated College" (yes/no, for completing a 4-year college degree). Genome-wide significant ( p < 5 × 10 -8 ) and suggestive ( p < 1 × 10 -6 ) variants were identified in Stage 1 (in up to 108,784 individuals) through genome-wide analysis, and those variants were followed up in Stage 2 studies (in up to 117,531 individuals). Results: In combined analysis of Stages 1 and 2, we identified 18 novel lipid loci (nine for LDL, seven for HDL, and two for TG) by two degree-of-freedom (2 DF) joint tests of main and interaction effects. Four loci showed significant interaction with educational attainment. Two loci were significant only in cross-population analyses. Several loci include genes with known or suggested roles in adipose ( FOXP1, MBOAT4, SKP2, STIM1, STX4 ), brain ( BRI3, FILIP1, FOXP1, LINC00290, LMTK2, MBOAT4, MYO6, SENP6, SRGAP3, STIM1, TMEM167A, TMEM30A ), and liver ( BRI3, FOXP1 ) biology, highlighting the potential importance of brain-adipose-liver communication in the regulation of lipid metabolism. An investigation of the potential druggability of genes in identified loci resulted in five gene targets shown to interact with drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration, including genes with roles in adipose and brain tissue. Discussion: Genome-wide interaction analysis of educational attainment identified novel lipid loci not previously detected by analyses limited to main genetic effects.
Competing Interests: IN is now employed by Celgene. BMP serves on the Steering Committee of the Yale Open Data Access Project funded by Johnson & Johnson. SA is employed by and holds equity in 23andMe, Inc. Authors BK, MW, and CGa were employed by Helmholtz Zentrum München. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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