학술논문

Burden of Diarrhea in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990-2013: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Khalil I; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Colombara DV; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Forouzanfar MH; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Troeger C; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Daoud F; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Moradi-Lakeh M; Department of Community Medicine, Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Bcheraoui CE; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Rao PC; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Afshin A; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Charara R; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Abate KH; Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.; Razek MMAE; Aswan Faculty of Medicine, Aswan, Egypt.; Abd-Allah F; Department of Neurology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; Abu-Elyazeed R; GlaxoSmithKline, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.; Kiadaliri AA; Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Orthopedics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.; Akanda AS; University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island.; Akseer N; University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.; The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.; Alam K; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.; Alasfoor D; Ministry of Health, Al Khuwair, Oman.; Ali R; University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.; AlMazroa MA; Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Alomari MA; Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; Al-Raddadi RMS; Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; Alsharif U; Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.; Alsowaidi S; Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.; Altirkawi KA; King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Alvis-Guzman N; Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia.; Ammar W; Ministry of Public Health, Beirut, Lebanon.; Antonio CAT; Department of Health Policy and Administration, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines.; Asayesh H; Department of Medical Emergency, School of Paramedic, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.; Asghar RJ; South Asian Public Health Forum, Islamabad, Pakistan.; Atique S; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Awasthi A; Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.; Bacha U; School of Health Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.; Badawi A; Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, Canada.; Barac A; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.; Bedi N; College of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; Bekele T; Madawalabu University, Bale Goba, Ethiopia.; Bensenor IM; University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; Betsu BD; Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.; Bhutta Z; Medical Center, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.; The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.; Abdulhak AAB; University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa.; Butt ZA; Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.; Danawi H; Walden University, Minneapolis, Minnesota.; Dubey M; International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India.; Endries AY; Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.; Faghmous IDA; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.; Farid T; University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.; Farvid MS; Institute for Health Policy, Boston, Massachusetts.; University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.; Farzadfar F; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Fereshtehnejad SM; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; Fischer F; Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.; Fitchett JRA; Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts.; Gibney KB; Melbourne Health, Parkville, Australia.; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.; Ginawi IAM; College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; Gishu MD; Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Harar, Ethiopia.; Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.; Gugnani HC; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Saint James School of Medicine, Anguilla, British West Indies.; Department of Microbiology, Saint James School of Medicine, Anguilla, British West Indies.; Gupta R; West Virginia Bureau for Public Health, Charleston, West Virginia.; Hailu GB; Kilte Awlaelo Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Ethiopia.; Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.; Hamadeh RR; Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.; Hamidi S; Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.; Harb HL; Ministry of Public Health, Beirut, Lebanon.; Hedayati MT; Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.; Hsairi M; Department of Epidemiology, Salah Azaiz Institute, Tunis, Tunisia.; Husseini A; Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.; Jahanmehr N; Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Javanbakht M; University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.; Jibat T; Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands.; Addis Ababa University, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia.; Jonas JB; Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.; Kasaeian A; Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Khader YS; Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; Khan AR; University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.; Khan EA; Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan.; Khan G; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.; Khoja TAM; Executive Board of the Health Ministers' Council for Cooperation Council States, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Kinfu Y; Centre for Research and Action in Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia.; Kissoon N; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.; Koyanagi A; Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain.; Lal A; Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.; Latif AAA; Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan.; Lunevicius R; School of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.; Aintree University Hospital, National Health Service Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom.; Razek HMAE; Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt.; Majeed A; Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.; Malekzadeh R; Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Mehari A; Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia.; Mekonnen AB; University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.; Melaku YA; School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.; School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.; Memish ZA; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Saudi Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Mendoza W; United Nations Population Fund, Lima, Peru.; Misganaw A; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Mohamed LAI; Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan.; Nachega JB; Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa.; University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Nguyen QL; Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.; Nisar MI; Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.; Peprah EK; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.; Platts-Mills JA; University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.; Pourmalek F; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.; Qorbani M; Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.; Rafay A; Contech School of Public Health, Lahore, Pakistan.; Contech International Health Consultants, Lahore, Pakistan.; Rahimi-Movaghar V; Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Rahman SU; Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; Rai RK; Society for Health and Demographic Surveillance, Suri, India.; Rana SM; Contech School of Public Health, Lahore, Pakistan.; Contech International Health Consultants, Lahore, Pakistan.; Ranabhat CL; Institute for Poverty Alleviation and International Development, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea.; Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea.; Rao SR; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.; Refaat AH; Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.; Walden University, Minneapolis, Minnesota.; Riddle M; Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland.; Roshandel G; Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.; Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Ruhago GM; Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.; Saleh MM; Development Research and Projects Center, Abuja, Nigeria.; Sanabria JR; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.; Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia.; Sawhney M; Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia.; Sepanlou SG; Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Setegn T; Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; Sliwa K; Faculty of Health Sciences, Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.; Sreeramareddy CT; Department of Community Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.; Sykes BL; Departments of Criminology, Law and Society, Sociology, and Public Health, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California.; Tavakkoli M; Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York.; Tedla BA; James Cook University, Cairns, Australia.; University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; Terkawi AS; Department of Anesthesiology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.; Ukwaja K; Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria.; Uthman OA; Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.; Westerman R; German National Cohort Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany.; Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Germany.; Wubshet M; Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; Yenesew MA; Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; Yonemoto N; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.; Younis MZ; Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi.; Zaidi Z; University Hospital, Setif, Algeria.; Zaki MES; Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.; Rabeeah AAA; Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Wang H; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Naghavi M; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Vos T; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Lopez AD; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Murray CJL; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Mokdad AH; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Source
Publisher: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0370507 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1476-1645 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00029637 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Am J Trop Med Hyg Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Diarrheal diseases (DD) are leading causes of disease burden, death, and disability, especially in children in low-income settings. DD can also impact a child's potential livelihood through stunted physical growth, cognitive impairment, and other sequelae. As part of the Global Burden of Disease Study, we estimated DD burden, and the burden attributable to specific risk factors and particular etiologies, in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) between 1990 and 2013. For both sexes and all ages, we calculated disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), which are the sum of years of life lost and years lived with disability. We estimate that over 125,000 deaths (3.6% of total deaths) were due to DD in the EMR in 2013, with a greater burden of DD in low- and middle-income countries. Diarrhea deaths per 100,000 children under 5 years of age ranged from one (95% uncertainty interval [UI] = 0-1) in Bahrain and Oman to 471 (95% UI = 245-763) in Somalia. The pattern for diarrhea DALYs among those under 5 years of age closely followed that for diarrheal deaths. DALYs per 100,000 ranged from 739 (95% UI = 520-989) in Syria to 40,869 (95% UI = 21,540-65,823) in Somalia. Our results highlighted a highly inequitable burden of DD in EMR, mainly driven by the lack of access to proper resources such as water and sanitation. Our findings will guide preventive and treatment interventions which are based on evidence and which follow the ultimate goal of reducing the DD burden.
(© The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.)