부산대학교 도서관

Background The pathogenesis of fat redistribution syndromes (FRS) observed in the setting of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for the treatment of HIV-1-infection remains elusive. A dysregulation of the tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) system occurs in HIV-infected patients with FRS. Materials and methods The study looked at both the in vivo and in vitro relationship between TNF-α and the degree of subcutaneous adipocyte apoptosis in 60 HIV-1-infected patients on HAART with FRS, another 60 HIV-1-infected patients on HAART without FRS and 60 uninfected control patients. Apoptosis was assessed by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP (deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate)-digoxigenin Nick End Labelling (TUNEL) method. Soluble receptors of TNF-α were determined by the sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. The in vitro viability was assessed by staining with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and apoptosis by TUNEL. Results HIV-1-infected patients with FRS had significantly higher degrees of subcutaneous adipocyte apoptosis than those without FRS ( P = 0·0001) and uninfected controls ( P < 0·0001). There was a statistically significant association between serum levels of soluble TNF-α receptors #1 and #2 and the degree of subcutaneous adipocyte apoptosis in patients with and without FRS ( P < 0·0001 for both receptors). In vitro, the addition of TNF-α (10 ng mL−1) to an adipocyte culture embedded with indinavir, either alone or in clinically relevant combinations with stavudine (d4T) and lamivudine (3TC), significantly decreased adipocyte viability ( P = 0·0001) and increased adipocyte apoptosis ( P < 0·0001) with respect to that observed with the addition of antiretrovirals alone. Conclusions TNF-α plays a significant role in subcutaneous adipocyte apoptosis, which occurs in the setting of FRS in HIV-1-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]