부산대학교 도서관

Solomon, Andrew J ; Arrambide, Georgina ; Brownlee, Wallace J ; Flanagan, Eoin P ; Amato, Maria Pia ; Amezcua, Lilyana ; Banwell, Brenda L ; Barkhof, Frederik ; Corboy, John R ; Correale, Jorge ; Fujihara, Kazuo ; Graves, Jennifer ; Harnegie, Mary Pat ; Hemmer, Bernhard ; Lechner-Scott, Jeannette ; Marrie, Ruth Ann ; Newsome, Scott D ; Rocca, Maria A ; Royal, Walter, III ; Waubant, Emmanuelle L ; Yamout, Bassem ; Cohen, Jeffrey A

In The Lancet Neurology August 2023 22(8):750-768

Brownlee, Wallace J ; Hardy, Todd A ; Fazekas, Franz ; Miller, David H

In The Lancet 1-7 April 2017 389(10076):1336-1346

Brownlee WJ; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.

Publisher: SAGE Publications Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9509185 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1477-0970 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13524585 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mult Scler Subsets: MEDLINE; In Process

Williams, Thomas; Heslegrave, Amanda; Zetterberg, Henrik; Miszkiel, Katherine A; Barkhof, Frederik; Ciccarelli, Olga; Brownlee, Wallace J; Chataway, Jeremy

Brain & Behavior. Sep2022, Vol. 12 Issue 9, p1-11. 11p.

Lu J; Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.; Brownlee WJ; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.

Publisher: SAGE Publications Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9509185 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1477-0970 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13524585 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mult Scler Subsets: MEDLINE

Klotz L; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, Münster 48149, Germany.; Berger T; Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; Brownlee WJ; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.; Chan A; Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.; Lycke J; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.; Oreja-Guevara C; Department of Neurology, San Carlos Clinical Hospital, Madrid, Spain.; Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.; Palavra F; Centre for Child Development, Neuropediatric Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.; Sacca F; GENESIS Department, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.; Sejbaek T; Department of Neurology, Esbjerg Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark.; Weber MS; Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.; Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Göttingen, Germany.; Giovannoni G; Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.

Publisher: SAGE Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101480242 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 1756-2856 (Print) Linking ISSN: 17562856 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ther Adv Neurol Disord Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE

Brownlee WJ; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom.; Maccarrone D; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.; Nistri R; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom; and.; Yam C; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Wilson H; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Wright S; Dunedin Hospital Te Whatu Ora Southern, New Zealand.; Mankad K; Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom; and.; Hemingway C; Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom; and.; Thompson AJ; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Hacohen Y; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom; and.; Toosy AT; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom.; Ciccarelli O; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom.

Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0401060 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1526-632X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00283878 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neurology Subsets: MEDLINE

Brownlee WJ; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.; Dobson R; Centre for Preventive Neurology, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University London, London, UK.; Department of Neurology, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.

Publisher: SAGE Publications Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9509185 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1477-0970 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13524585 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mult Scler Subsets: MEDLINE; In Process

Olivieri E; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, Faculty of Brain Sciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Italy.; Brownlee WJ; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, Faculty of Brain Sciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom; and.; Toosy AT; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, Faculty of Brain Sciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; UCL Hawkes Institute, University College London, United Kingdom.

Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0401060 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1526-632X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00283878 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neurology Subsets: MEDLINE; In Process

Brownlee WJ; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Center, London, UK.; Vidal-Jordana A; Department of Neurology and Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia (Cemcat), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.; Shatila M; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.; Strijbis E; Multiple Sclerosis Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical College VUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Schoof L; Multiple Sclerosis Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical College VUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Killestein J; Multiple Sclerosis Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical College VUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Barkhof F; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.; Multiple Sclerosis Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical College VUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Center for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK.; Bollo L; Department of Neurology and Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia (Cemcat), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.; Rovira A; Section of Neuroradiology. Department of Radiology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.; Sastre-Garriga J; Department of Neurology and Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia (Cemcat), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.; Tintore M; Department of Neurology and Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia (Cemcat), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.; Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.; Rocca MA; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.; Esposito F; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Azzimonti M; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.; Filippi M; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.; Bodini B; Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.; AP-HP, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.; Lazzarotto A; Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.; AP-HP, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.; Stankoff B; Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.; AP-HP, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.; Montalban X; Department of Neurology and Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia (Cemcat), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.; Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.; Toosy AT; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Center, London, UK.; Thompson AJ; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.; Ciccarelli O; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Center, London, UK.

Publisher: Wiley-Liss Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7707449 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1531-8249 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03645134 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ann Neurol Subsets: MEDLINE

Brownlee, Wallace J; Tur, Carmen; Manole, Andreea; Eshaghi, Arman; Prados, Ferran; Miszkiel, Katherine A; Wheeler-Kingshott, Claudia AM Gandini; Houlden, Henry; Ciccarelli, Olga

Multiple Sclerosis Journal. Mar2023, Vol. 29 Issue 3, p333-342. 10p.

Brownlee, Wallace J; Wolf, Christian; Hartung, Hans-Peter; Dingermann, Theo; Anshasi, Nadia; Clark, Richard AC; Trojano, Maria; Selmaj, Krzysztof; Uitdehaag, Bernard MJ; Tur, Carmen; Wuerfel, Jens; Dallmann, Gabriele; Witte, Julian; Sintzel, Martina; Bobrovnikova, Olga; Cohen, Jeffrey A

Multiple Sclerosis Journal. Dec2022, Vol. 28 Issue 14, p2177-2189. 13p.

Al-Araji S; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Department of Neurosciences, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, United Kingdom.; Moccia M; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University of Naples, Italy.; Jha A; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom.; High-Dimensional Neurology Group, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom.; Zhang L; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Eshaghi A; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom.; Kanber B; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom.; Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom.; Bianchi A; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Yam C; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Cleveland Clinic London, Neurosciences Institute, United Kingdom.; Abdel-Mannan O; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Goodkin O; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom.; Pontillo G; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Hamed W; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.; Mohamud S; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Brownlee WJ; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Cleveland Clinic London, Neurosciences Institute, United Kingdom.; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.; Chard DT; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom.; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.; Chataway J; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom.; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.; Chung K; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.; De Angelis F; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom.; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.; Hammam A; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.; Hacohen Y; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom.; Khaleeli Z; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.; Leary SM; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.; Prados F; Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom.; eHealth Center, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; and.; Swanton J; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.; Thompson AJ; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Trip SA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.; Wilson H; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.; Wright S; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.; Nachev P; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom.; High-Dimensional Neurology Group, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom.; Barkhof F; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom.; Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom.; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Toosy AT; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.; Ciccarelli O; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom.; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.

Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0401060 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1526-632X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00283878 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neurology Subsets: MEDLINE

van der Walt A; School for Translational Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. anneke.vanderwalt@monash.edu.; Strijbis EMM; Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Bridge F; School for Translational Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; Coetzee T; National Multiple Sclerosis Society (USA), New York, NY, USA.; Graves J; Department of Neurosciences at UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.; Brownlee WJ; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.; Butzkueven H; School for Translational Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; Marrie RA; Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.; Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.; Hua LH; Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland Clinic, Las Vegas, NV, USA.; Lampe A; National Multiple Sclerosis Society (USA), New York, NY, USA.; Tintore M; Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.; Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.; Montalban X; Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.; Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.; Calabresi PA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Barkhof F; Department of Neurosciences at UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.; Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Publisher: Nature Pub. Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101500072 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1759-4766 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17594758 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nat Rev Neurol Subsets: MEDLINE

Yam C; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, London, UK c.yam@ucl.ac.uk.; Brownlee WJ; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, London, UK.; Prados Carrasco F; Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, London, London, UK.; Toosy A; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, London, UK.; Ciccarelli O; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, London, UK.

Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 2985191R Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1468-330X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00223050 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Subsets: MEDLINE

Brownlee WJ; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom.; Foster MA; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Pontillo G; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Davagnanam I; Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, London, United Kingdom.; Collorone S; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Prados F; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Centre for Medical Imaging Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, University College London, United Kingdom; and.; Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.; Kanber B; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Centre for Medical Imaging Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, University College London, United Kingdom; and.; Barkhof F; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom.; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Centre for Medical Imaging Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, University College London, United Kingdom; and.; Thompson AJ; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Toosy AT; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.; Ciccarelli O; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.

Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0401060 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1526-632X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00283878 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neurology Subsets: MEDLINE

Brownlee, Wallace J; Wolf, Christian; Hans-Peter Hartung; Dingermann, Theo; Anshasi, Nadia; Trojano, Maria; Selmaj, Krzysztof; Uitdehaag, Bernard; Tur, Carmen; Wuerfel, Jens; Dallmann, Gabriele; Witte, Julian; Bobrovnikova, Olga; Cohen, Jeffrey A.

Brownlee, Wallace J; Altmann, Dan R; Prados, Ferran; Miszkiel, Katherine A; Eshaghi, Arman; Wheeler-Kingshott, Claudia A M Gandini; Barkhof, Frederik; Ciccarelli, Olga; Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott, Claudia A M

Brain: A Journal of Neurology. Aug2019, Vol. 142 Issue 8, p2276-2287. 12p.

Pontillo G; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Prados F; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Colman J; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Kanber B; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Abdel-Mannan O; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Al-Araji S; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Bellenberg B; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Bianchi A; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Bisecco A; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Brownlee WJ; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Brunetti A; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Cagol A; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Calabrese M; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Castellaro M; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Christensen R; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Cocozza S; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Colato E; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Collorone S; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Cortese R; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; De Stefano N; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Enzinger C; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Filippi M; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Foster MA; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Gallo A; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Gasperini C; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Gonzalez-Escamilla G; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Granziera C; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Groppa S; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Hacohen Y; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Harbo HFF; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; He A; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Hogestol EA; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Kuhle J; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Llufriu S; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Lukas C; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Martinez-Heras E; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Messina S; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Moccia M; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Mohamud S; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Nistri R; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Nygaard GO; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Palace J; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Petracca M; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Pinter D; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Rocca MA; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Rovira A; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Ruggieri S; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Sastre-Garriga J; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Strijbis EM; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Toosy AT; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Uher T; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Valsasina P; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Vaneckova M; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Vrenken H; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Wingrove J; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Yam C; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Schoonheim MM; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Ciccarelli O; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Cole JH; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.; Barkhof F; From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom; MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples 'Federico II,' Italy; Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom; E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Naples, Italy; Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona; Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy; Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan; Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital; Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples 'Federico II'; Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands; Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.

Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0401060 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1526-632X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00283878 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neurology Subsets: MEDLINE

Brownlee, Wallace J; Solanky, Bhavana; Prados, Ferran; Yiannakas, Marios; Da Mota, Patricia; Riemer, Frank; Cardoso, Manuel Jorge; Ourselin, Sebastian; Golay, Xavier; Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott, Claudia; Ciccarelli, Olga

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 90:755-760