학술논문
중국의 對아프리카 개발 원조정책 / China's development assistance policy to africa
Document Type
Dissertation/ Thesis
Source
Subject
Language
Korean
Abstract
21세기에는 세계화가 급속히 진행되면서 국가 간 상호의존이 심화되고 있다. 중국은 미국과 더불어 세계에서 큰 경제대국으로 성장하면서 세계화와 더불어 전 세계의 각 나라들과 외교관계를 발전시키고 있다. 특히, 중국은 1950년대 독립이후부터 자주적인 외교력 강화를 위해 아시아, 아프리카, 남미 개도국 등의 제3세계라고 불리우는 국가들과의 관계를 지속적으로 발전시켰는데, 그 방법과 수단으로 원조 외교를 적극 활용하고 있다. 원조 외교를 진행하면서도 중국은 미국과 서방국과 다른 내정 불간섭이라는 큰 차이점을 내세우며 그동안 소외지역으로 불리웠던 아프리카 지역에 많은 원조를 아끼지 않았으며, 아프리카지역에서의 중국의 영향력은 갈수록 심화되고 있다. 또한 최근에는 원조 외교와 더불어 중국에서 추진 중인 유라시아와 대륙을 내륙과 해양으로 각각 연결하는 거대한 경제 네트워크인 ‘일대일로’ 전략을 통해 그 시너지를 확대하고자 하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 원조 외교와 함께, 중국에서 야심 차게 진행 중인 ‘일대일로’ 전략을 통해 중국의 아프리카 외교에 의도와 그 내용에 대하여 주로 시대별로 구분하여 내용을 분석하였으며, 아프리카에 대한 과거 외교 원칙들은 따로 정리하여 구분하였다. 이를 통해 본문에서는 중국의 외교 정책들이 시대의 변화에 따라 변화와 발전을 거듭하였으며, 특히 아프리카에 집중되어있는 원조 외교는 중국의 경제발전과 함께 나타나는 자원 부족, 지역적 영향력 확대, 외교 노선 확대의 의도를 알 수 있었고, 일대일로 전략으로 추진 중의 프로젝트와 그 실체에 대하여 확인 할 수 있었다. 앞으로 중국은 갈수록 심화되고 있는 세계화 시대의 전략적 외교 영향력 확대를 위해 외교전략으로서 원조 외교와 일대일로 전략을 적극 활용할 것으로 예상된다.
In the 21st century, the interdependence between countries is deepening as globalization progresses rapidly. In today's world, China has joined the ranks of counties, such as the United States and organizations like the E.U. which actively develop diplomatic relations and participate in large and ambitious development projects which help emerging and underdeveloped countries around the world. In a short period of about 60 years, China has grown into the second largest economy in the world. China's rapid growth is tied to meeting the demands of its people, so their lives improved and also to participate as a significant player in a globalized world.Since its independence in the 1950s, China has continuously developed relations with countries called the Third World of Asia, Africa, South America, and other developing countries in order to strengthen its independent diplomatic power and ability to develop profitable trade relationships. China, like other world powers, actively utilizes the methods of aid diplomacy. While carrying out aid diplomacy, China gives foreign aid to the African region. Africa has been called a marginalized region where there is a wide gap between the African nations and the U.S. and Western countries. The Chinese's foreign policy of none intervention in domestic affairs is attractive to the African nations because it does not interfere with how the leaders run the country or human rights issues. On the other hand, the U.S. and other western nations often place conditions on their foreign aid, which is tied to developing democracy and protecting human rights. Many African countries do not want the western countries interfering in the internal governance of their countries. China's influence in Africa is deepening as it seeks to expand its synergy with aid diplomacy, as well as its "one-to-one" strategy, and a robust economic network that connects Eurasia, the continent and Africa through China's One Belt Road initiative. There was an examination of China's aid diplomacy, and the ambitious 'one-to-one' strategy, where the contents of China's African diplomacy were analyzed mainly by period, and the past diplomatic principles on Africa were then separately sorted. The finding of this investigation shows that China's foreign policy has changed and developed with the times. China's African diplomacy focuses on the intention of filling natural resource shortages, developing new markets, expanding regional influence, and strengthening diplomatic ties.
In the 21st century, the interdependence between countries is deepening as globalization progresses rapidly. In today's world, China has joined the ranks of counties, such as the United States and organizations like the E.U. which actively develop diplomatic relations and participate in large and ambitious development projects which help emerging and underdeveloped countries around the world. In a short period of about 60 years, China has grown into the second largest economy in the world. China's rapid growth is tied to meeting the demands of its people, so their lives improved and also to participate as a significant player in a globalized world.Since its independence in the 1950s, China has continuously developed relations with countries called the Third World of Asia, Africa, South America, and other developing countries in order to strengthen its independent diplomatic power and ability to develop profitable trade relationships. China, like other world powers, actively utilizes the methods of aid diplomacy. While carrying out aid diplomacy, China gives foreign aid to the African region. Africa has been called a marginalized region where there is a wide gap between the African nations and the U.S. and Western countries. The Chinese's foreign policy of none intervention in domestic affairs is attractive to the African nations because it does not interfere with how the leaders run the country or human rights issues. On the other hand, the U.S. and other western nations often place conditions on their foreign aid, which is tied to developing democracy and protecting human rights. Many African countries do not want the western countries interfering in the internal governance of their countries. China's influence in Africa is deepening as it seeks to expand its synergy with aid diplomacy, as well as its "one-to-one" strategy, and a robust economic network that connects Eurasia, the continent and Africa through China's One Belt Road initiative. There was an examination of China's aid diplomacy, and the ambitious 'one-to-one' strategy, where the contents of China's African diplomacy were analyzed mainly by period, and the past diplomatic principles on Africa were then separately sorted. The finding of this investigation shows that China's foreign policy has changed and developed with the times. China's African diplomacy focuses on the intention of filling natural resource shortages, developing new markets, expanding regional influence, and strengthening diplomatic ties.