학술논문
金時習의 和陶詩 ?究 / A Study on Kim Si-seup’s Hwadosi (和陶詩)
Document Type
Dissertation/ Thesis
Author
왕천 / Wang, Qian
Source
Subject
Language
Korean
Abstract
본 논문은 한국 시인 金時習의 和陶詩에 대한 연구 논문이다. 陶淵明(365~472)은 중국 시인 중에서 자연을 좋아하고 진심으로 田園에 隱居하는 전형적인 인물로 鐘嶸은 그를 "古今隱逸詩人之宗"으로 칭했다. 그리하여 후대의 시인들은 陶淵明을 "田園詩人"이라고도 말한다. 그러나 도연명을 "田園詩人"이라는 호칭만으로 그가 평생토록 창작한 시를 한정하여 개괄할 수는 없다. 다만 도연명이 시단에 미친 영향력과 중요도를 가늠할 수 있는 한 단면으로 파악할 수 있을 따름이다. 그만큼 陶淵明이 중국 문학사에 미친 영향력은 상상할 수 없을 만큼 큰 것이다. 陶淵明은 동진과 송의 왕조 교체기를 살았던 인물이다. 이때는 매우 혼란한 시기였고 혼탁한 시대였다. 그러나 그는 이러한 현실에 좌절하거나 어떠한 불의에도 타협하지 않았다. 그의 이와 같은 인격은 현실과 사회를 중시하는 儒家와 자연과 개인의 깨달음을 강조하는 도가를 그의 사상에 조화롭게 수용한 결과로 볼 수 있다. 그의 젊은 시절은 儒家로부터 영향을 받았고 隱居 생활 이후, 도가에 매료되었던 그의 일련의 행적들이 이를 뒷받침해준다. 특히 그는 莊子의 영향을 지대하게 받았던 것으로 보인다. 조선 초기 문인이었던 金時習(1435~1493)은 여러 측면에서 陶淵明과 유사한 삶의 궤적을 보인다. 金時習의『梅月堂集』은 총 23권 6책으로 구성된 詩文集으로 그 안에 수록된 詩의 편수는 총 2,200여 首이다.『梅月堂集』은 方外人으로 불렸던 그의 기이한 행적은 물론, 유교 ? 불교 ? 도교의 사상을 모두 아울러 담아낸 詩 ? 文 作品이 담겨있어 그의 심오한 정신세계 및 사상을 엿볼 수 있는 귀중한 자료로 평가되고 있다. 그 중 金時習은 여러 詩人의 詩를 모아서「山居集句」100수를 지었을 만큼 다른 詩人의 작품에도 통달하였던 인물이었다. 그 중 특히 그가 좋아한 詩人은 陶淵明이었다. 물론 金時習 외에도 중국의 蘇軾 등 많은 문인들이 陶淵明을 흠모하여 和陶詩를 남겼다. 그러나 한국의 문학사에서 그 이름이 거론되는 작가들 중에서 金時習만큼 陶淵明의 시를 和作한 경우는 많지가 않다. 이러한 사실을 통해 金時習에게 陶淵明은 단순한 詩人 그 이상의 존재였음을 추론해 볼 수 있다. 그리고 그와 여러 측면에서 공감을 느끼지 않았나 생각된다. 이는 金時習이 금오산에서 은거 후 還俗, 城東에 거처하던 40대에 처해 있었던 현실상황과 陶淵明의 삶의 궤적을 비교해 볼 때 여실히 드러난다. 그의 和陶詩 창작 배경 또한 알 수 있다. 이를 통해 우리는 梅月堂 金時習의 삶과 그의 사상에 대해 좀 더 폭을 넓혀 이해할 수 있는 계기가 될 것이다. 陶淵明과 金時習은 모두 혼란기를 살아냈던 인물이며 그들의 선택은 隱居였다. 이와 같은 삶의 공통점과 그들의 시 속에 나타나는 특징을 도출한다면 도연명이 金時習의 시에 어떤 영향력을 미쳤는지도 파악할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 더하여 이들의 작품비교를 통해 陶淵明과 金時習의 시가 풍모를 분별하고자 한다. 본문은 韓 · 中 시인 金時習과 陶淵明의 생애와 시 비교를 통해서 和陶詩의 특징들을 도출하고자 한다.
The purpose of this study was to examine Korean Poet Kim Si-seup (金時習)’s Hwadosi (和陶詩). Among Chinese poets, Tao Yuanming (陶淵明) (365~472) was a typical hermit who preferred nature and rural life. Zhong Rong (鐘嶸) named him as “a forefather of poetic hermits throughout the past and present.” Poets after him have addressed him as “a pastoral poet.” However, this title cannot fully outline his lifetime poems. It is only an aspect through which we can peep into his influence and importance in the world of poetry. His enormous effect on the Chinese history of literature cannot be imaginable. Tao Yuanming lived in the transition period of Dong Jin and Song. It was a very confused and chaotic period. However, he did not frustrate by this reality and did not compromise with any injustice. His personality seemed to be resulted from his harmonious acceptance of Confucianism, which attached great importance to reality and society, and Taoism, which emphasized nature and personal enlightenment, into his idea. In his youth, he was influenced by Confucianism, and after going into retirement, he was fascinated with Taoism. In particular, Zhuang Zi (莊子) had an extremely great influence upon him. Kim Si-seup (1435~1493) was a writer in the early days of Joseon Dynasty and lived a much similar life to Tao Yuanming in a variety of perspectives. Kim Si-seup’s 『Maewoldang Collection』 is a garland consisting of 23 books in 6 volumes and containing more than 2,200 poems. Containing all his poetic and literary works, which were based on Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, in addition to his trace of an outsider, 『Maewoldang Collection』 is regarded as an important material which presents Kim Si-seup’s profound psychologic world and thought. Since he composed 100 poems of 「Sangeojibgu (山居集句)」 after collecting 100 poems of other poets, he was well versed in other poet’s poetry as well. Among many poets, his favorite poet was Tao Yuanming. In addition to Kim Si-seup, many Chinese poets, such as Su Shi (蘇軾), composed Hwadosi (和陶詩) in praise of Tao Yuanming. However, among writers in the Korean history of literature, nobody is superior to Kim Si-seup in composing poems of Tao Yuanming style. This fact seems to present that for Kim Si-seup, Tao Yuanming was more than a mere poet. He seemed to be empathetic with Tao Yuanming in a variety of aspects. This fact is clearly revealed when the reality of Kim Si-seup in his 40s after he stopped the life of a hermit and then returned to Seongdong (城東) is compared with the life trace of Tao Yuanming. It also clarifies the background of Kim Si-seup’s composition of Tao Yuanming style poems. This finding seems to be an opportunity for us to understand the life and thought of Maewoldang Kim Si-seup more widely. Both Tao Yuanming and Kim Si-seup lived in a chaotic period and their choice was the life of a hermit. If the common points of their life and the characteristics of their poems are examined, the effect of Tao Yuanming on the poems of Kim Si-seup seems to be clear. In addition, the comparison of their poetic works will reveal both poets’ world of poetry. In this vein, this study compared the life and poems of Korean poet Kim Si-seup to Chinese poet Tao Yuanming and then examined the characteristics of Hwadosi (和陶詩).
The purpose of this study was to examine Korean Poet Kim Si-seup (金時習)’s Hwadosi (和陶詩). Among Chinese poets, Tao Yuanming (陶淵明) (365~472) was a typical hermit who preferred nature and rural life. Zhong Rong (鐘嶸) named him as “a forefather of poetic hermits throughout the past and present.” Poets after him have addressed him as “a pastoral poet.” However, this title cannot fully outline his lifetime poems. It is only an aspect through which we can peep into his influence and importance in the world of poetry. His enormous effect on the Chinese history of literature cannot be imaginable. Tao Yuanming lived in the transition period of Dong Jin and Song. It was a very confused and chaotic period. However, he did not frustrate by this reality and did not compromise with any injustice. His personality seemed to be resulted from his harmonious acceptance of Confucianism, which attached great importance to reality and society, and Taoism, which emphasized nature and personal enlightenment, into his idea. In his youth, he was influenced by Confucianism, and after going into retirement, he was fascinated with Taoism. In particular, Zhuang Zi (莊子) had an extremely great influence upon him. Kim Si-seup (1435~1493) was a writer in the early days of Joseon Dynasty and lived a much similar life to Tao Yuanming in a variety of perspectives. Kim Si-seup’s 『Maewoldang Collection』 is a garland consisting of 23 books in 6 volumes and containing more than 2,200 poems. Containing all his poetic and literary works, which were based on Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, in addition to his trace of an outsider, 『Maewoldang Collection』 is regarded as an important material which presents Kim Si-seup’s profound psychologic world and thought. Since he composed 100 poems of 「Sangeojibgu (山居集句)」 after collecting 100 poems of other poets, he was well versed in other poet’s poetry as well. Among many poets, his favorite poet was Tao Yuanming. In addition to Kim Si-seup, many Chinese poets, such as Su Shi (蘇軾), composed Hwadosi (和陶詩) in praise of Tao Yuanming. However, among writers in the Korean history of literature, nobody is superior to Kim Si-seup in composing poems of Tao Yuanming style. This fact seems to present that for Kim Si-seup, Tao Yuanming was more than a mere poet. He seemed to be empathetic with Tao Yuanming in a variety of aspects. This fact is clearly revealed when the reality of Kim Si-seup in his 40s after he stopped the life of a hermit and then returned to Seongdong (城東) is compared with the life trace of Tao Yuanming. It also clarifies the background of Kim Si-seup’s composition of Tao Yuanming style poems. This finding seems to be an opportunity for us to understand the life and thought of Maewoldang Kim Si-seup more widely. Both Tao Yuanming and Kim Si-seup lived in a chaotic period and their choice was the life of a hermit. If the common points of their life and the characteristics of their poems are examined, the effect of Tao Yuanming on the poems of Kim Si-seup seems to be clear. In addition, the comparison of their poetic works will reveal both poets’ world of poetry. In this vein, this study compared the life and poems of Korean poet Kim Si-seup to Chinese poet Tao Yuanming and then examined the characteristics of Hwadosi (和陶詩).