학술논문
Quantitative Long-Term Monitoring of the Circulating Gases in the KATRIN Experiment Using Raman Spectroscopy.
Document Type
article
Author
Aker, Max; Altenmüller, Konrad; Beglarian, Armen; Behrens, Jan; Berlev, Anatoly; Besserer, Uwe; Bieringer, Benedikt; Blaum, Klaus; Block, Fabian; Bornschein, Beate; Bornschein, Lutz; Böttcher, Matthias; Brunst, Tim; Caldwell, Thomas C; Chilingaryan, Suren; Choi, Wonqook; Díaz Barrero, Deseada D; Debowski, Karol; Deffert, Marco; Descher, Martin; Doe, Peter J; Dragoun, Otokar; Drexlin, Guido; Dyba, Stephan; Edzards, Frank; Eitel, Klaus; Ellinger, Enrico; Engel, Ralph; Enomoto, Sanshiro; Fedkevych, Mariia; Felden, Arne; Formaggio, Joseph F; Fränkle, Florian; Franklin, Gregg B; Friedel, Fabian; Fulst, Alexander; Gauda, Kevin; Gil, Woosik; Glück, Ferenc; Größle, Robin; Gumbsheimer, Rainer; Hannen, Volker; Haußmann, Norman; Helbing, Klaus; Hickford, Stephanie; Hiller, Roman; Hillesheimer, David; Hinz, Dominic; Höhn, Thomas; Houdy, Thibaut; Huber, Anton; Jansen, Alexander; Karl, Christian; Kellerer, Jonas; Kippenbrock, Luke; Klein, Manuel; Köhler, Christoph; Köllenberger, Leonard; Kopmann, Andreas; Korzeczek, Marc; Kovalík, Alojz; Krasch, Bennet; Krause, Holger; La Cascio, Luisa; Lasserre, Thierry; Le, Thanh-Long; Lebeda, Ondřej; Lehnert, Bjoern; Lokhov, Alexey; Machatschek, Moritz; Malcherek, Emma; Marsteller, Alexander; Martin, Eric L; Meier, Matthias; Melzer, Christin; Mertens, Susanne; Müller, Klaus; Niemes, Simon; Oelpmann, Patrick; Osipowicz, Alexander; Parno, Diana S; Poon, Alan WP; Lopez Poyato, Jose M; Priester, Florian; Rest, Oliver; Röllig, Marco; Röttele, Carsten; Robertson, RG Hamish; Rodenbeck, Caroline; Ryšavỳ, Milos; Sack, Rudolf; Saenz, Alejandro; Schäfer, Peter; Schaller Née Pollithy, Anna; Schimpf, Lutz; Schlösser, Klaus; Schlösser, Magnus; Schlüter, Lisa; Schrank, Michael; Schulz, Bruno
Source
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland). 20(17)
Subject
Language
Abstract
The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment aims at measuring the effective electron neutrino mass with a sensitivity of 0.2 eV/c2, i.e., improving on previous measurements by an order of magnitude. Neutrino mass data taking with KATRIN commenced in early 2019, and after only a few weeks of data recording, analysis of these data showed the success of KATRIN, improving on the known neutrino mass limit by a factor of about two. This success very much could be ascribed to the fact that most of the system components met, or even surpassed, the required specifications during long-term operation. Here, we report on the performance of the laser Raman (LARA) monitoring system which provides continuous high-precision information on the gas composition injected into the experiment's windowless gaseous tritium source (WGTS), specifically on its isotopic purity of tritium-one of the key parameters required in the derivation of the electron neutrino mass. The concentrations cx for all six hydrogen isotopologues were monitored simultaneously, with a measurement precision for individual components of the order 10-3 or better throughout the complete KATRIN data taking campaigns to date. From these, the tritium purity, εT, is derived with precision of