학술논문
L’affaire de l’Arctic Sunrise (Pays-Bas c. Russie) devant le Tribunal international du droit de la mer et la Cour permanente d’arbitrage
Document Type
article
Author
Source
Annuaire français de droit international 61(1):267-290
Subject
Language
French
ISSN
0066-3085
Abstract
L’affaire de l’Arctic Sunrise concerne un différend opposant les Pays-Bas à la Russie suite à l’arraisonnement, l’immobilisation et la saisie par la Russie de l’Arctic Sunrise, navire battant pavillon néerlandais, dans la zone économique exclusive de la Russie le 19 septembre 2013, et à l’arrestation et la détention de son équipage. Après que le Tribunal international du droit de la mer eut prescrit des mesures conservatoires le 22 novembre 2013, l’affaire s’est poursuivie devant un tribunal arbitral constitué dans le cadre de la Cour permanente d’arbitrage. La sentence rendue par le Tribunal arbitral le 14 août 2015 reconnaît, à l’unanimité, la responsabilité internationale de la Russie, condamnée à indemniser les Pays-Bas. Les sentences sur la compétence et sur le fond de l’affaire permettent de lever le voile sur des questions juridiques passées sous silence par le Tribunal international du droit de la mer. Cette affaire a notamment donné l’occasion au Tribunal arbitral de clarifier les limites des pouvoirs de police de l’État côtier dans sa zone économique exclusive, soumise à la liberté de navigation, dont le droit de protestation pacifique en mer constitue un corollaire.
The Arctic Sunrise Case concerns a dispute between the Netherlands and Russia in relation to the boarding, seizure and detention of the Arctic Sunrise, a vessel flying the Dutch flag, in Russia’s exclusive zone (EEZ) on 19 September 2013 and the arrest and detention of the persons on board the vessel by the Russian authorities. After the Order prescribing provisional measures issued by the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea on 22 November 2013, the case went on before an Arbitral Tribunal constituted under the Permanent Court of Arbitration. The Awards on the Merits issued by the Arbitral Tribunal on 14 August 2015 found, unanimously, the international responsibility of Russia and indicated that the Netherlands is entitled to compensation. The Awards on Jurisdiction and on the Merits lift the veil over legal questions passed over in silence by the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. This case gave an opportunity to the Arbitral Tribunal to clarify the limits on the police powers of a coastal State in its EEZ, which is subject to the freedom of navigation and to the right to peaceful protest at sea.
The Arctic Sunrise Case concerns a dispute between the Netherlands and Russia in relation to the boarding, seizure and detention of the Arctic Sunrise, a vessel flying the Dutch flag, in Russia’s exclusive zone (EEZ) on 19 September 2013 and the arrest and detention of the persons on board the vessel by the Russian authorities. After the Order prescribing provisional measures issued by the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea on 22 November 2013, the case went on before an Arbitral Tribunal constituted under the Permanent Court of Arbitration. The Awards on the Merits issued by the Arbitral Tribunal on 14 August 2015 found, unanimously, the international responsibility of Russia and indicated that the Netherlands is entitled to compensation. The Awards on Jurisdiction and on the Merits lift the veil over legal questions passed over in silence by the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. This case gave an opportunity to the Arbitral Tribunal to clarify the limits on the police powers of a coastal State in its EEZ, which is subject to the freedom of navigation and to the right to peaceful protest at sea.