학술논문
Risk factors for congenital hypothyroidism: results of a population case-control study (1997–2003)
Document Type
Article
Author
Medda, Emanuela; Olivieri, Antonella; Stazi, Maria Antonietta; Grandolfo, Michele E; Fazzini, Cristina; Baserga, Mariangiola; Burroni, Massimo; Cacciari, Emanuele; Calaciura, Francesca; Cassio, Alessandra; Chiovato, Luca; Costa, Pietro; Leonardi, Daniela; Martucci, Maria; Moschini, Lidia; Pagliardini, Severo; Parlato, Giuseppe; Pignero, Alberto; Pinchera, Aldo; Sala, Danielle; Sava, Lidia; Stoppioni, Vera; Tancredi, Francesco; Valentini, Fabiola; Vigneri, Riccardo; Sorcini, Mariella
Source
European Journal of Endocrinology; December 2005, Vol. 153 Issue: 6 p765-773, 9p
Subject
Language
ISSN
08044643; 1479683X
Abstract
Objective: To identify risk factors for permanent and transient congenital hypothyroidism (CH).Design: A population-based case-control study was carried out by using the network created in Italy for the National Register of Infants with CH.Methods: Four controls were enrolled for each new CH infant; 173 cases and 690 controls were enrolled in 4 years. In order to distinguish among risk factors for permanent and transient CH, diagnosis was re-evaluated 3 years after enrolment when there was a suspicion of transient CH being present. Familial, maternal, neonatal and environmental influences were investigated.Results: An increased risk for permanent CH was detected in twins by a multivariate analysis (odds ratio (OR) = 12.2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.4–62.3). A statistically significant association with additional birth defects, female gender and gestational age >40 weeks was also confirmed. Although not significant, an increased risk of CH was observed among infants with a family history of thyroid diseases among parents (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 0.7–5.2). Maternal diabetes was also found to be slightly associated with permanent CH (OR = 15.7, 95% CI: 0.9–523) in infants who were large for gestational age. With regard to transient CH, intrauterine growth retardation and preterm delivery were independent risk factors for this form of CH.Conclusion: This study showed that many risk factors contribute to the aetiology of CH. In particular, our results suggested a multifactorial origin of CH in which genetic and environmental factors play a role in the development of the disease.