부산대학교 도서관

ObjectiveTo investigate the abundance and the prevalence of Dysosmobacter welbionisJ115T, a novel butyrate-producing bacterium isolated from the human gut both in the general population and in subjects with metabolic syndrome. To study the impact of this bacterium on host metabolism using diet-induced obese and diabetic mice.DesignWe analysed the presence and abundance of the bacterium in 11 984 subjects using four human cohorts (ie, Human Microbiome Project, American Gut Project, Flemish Gut Flora Project and Microbes4U). Then, we tested the effects of daily oral gavages with live D. welbionisJ115Ton metabolism and several hallmarks of obesity, diabetes, inflammation and lipid metabolism in obese/diabetic mice.ResultsThis newly identified bacterium was detected in 62.7%–69.8% of the healthy population. Strikingly, in obese humans with a metabolic syndrome, the abundance of Dysosmobactergenus correlates negatively with body mass index, fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin. In mice, supplementation with live D. welbionisJ115T, but not with the pasteurised bacteria, partially counteracted diet-induced obesity development, fat mass gain, insulin resistance and white adipose tissue hypertrophy and inflammation. In addition, live D. welbionisJ115Tadministration protected the mice from brown adipose tissue inflammation in association with increased mitochondria number and non-shivering thermogenesis. These effects occurred with minor impact on the mouse intestinal microbiota composition.ConclusionsThese results suggest that D. welbionisJ115Tdirectly and beneficially influences host metabolism and is a strong candidate for the development of next-generation beneficial bacteria targeting obesity and associated metabolic diseases.