학술논문
Mapping tree species vulnerability to multiple threats as a guide to restoration and conservation of tropical dry forests.
Document Type
Academic Journal
Author
Fremout T; Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.; Alliance Bioversity International - CIAT, Lima, Peru.; Thomas E; Alliance Bioversity International - CIAT, Lima, Peru.; Gaisberger H; Alliance Bioversity International - CIAT, Maccarese, Italy.; Van Meerbeek K; Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.; Muenchow J; Institute of Geography, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.; Briers S; Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.; Gutierrez-Miranda CE; Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Peru.; Marcelo-Peña JL; Universidad Nacional de Jaén, Jaén, Peru.; Kindt R; World Agroforestry, Nairobi, Kenya.; Atkinson R; Alliance Bioversity International - CIAT, Lima, Peru.; Cabrera O; Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador.; Espinosa CI; Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador.; Aguirre-Mendoza Z; Herbario LOJA, Universidad Nacional de Loja, Loja, Ecuador.; Muys B; Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Source
Publisher: Blackwell Pub Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9888746 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-2486 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13541013 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Glob Chang Biol Subsets: MEDLINE
Subject
Language
English
Abstract
Understanding the vulnerability of tree species to anthropogenic threats is important for the efficient planning of restoration and conservation efforts. We quantified and compared the effects of future climate change and four current threats (fire, habitat conversion, overgrazing and overexploitation) on the 50 most common tree species of the tropical dry forests of northwestern Peru and southern Ecuador. We used an ensemble modelling approach to predict species distribution ranges, employed freely accessible spatial datasets to map threat exposures, and developed a trait-based scoring approach to estimate species-specific sensitivities, using differentiated trait weights in accordance with their expected importance in determining species sensitivities to specific threats. Species-specific vulnerability maps were constructed from the product of the exposure maps and the sensitivity estimates. We found that all 50 species face considerable threats, with an average of 46% of species' distribution ranges displaying high or very high vulnerability to at least one of the five threats. Our results suggest that current levels of habitat conversion, overexploitation and overgrazing pose larger threats to most of the studied species than climate change. We present a spatially explicit planning strategy for species-specific restoration and conservation actions, proposing management interventions to focus on (a) in situ conservation of tree populations and seed collection for tree planting activities in areas with low vulnerability to climate change and current threats; (b) ex situ conservation or translocation of populations in areas with high climate change vulnerability; and (c) active planting or assisted regeneration in areas under high current threat vulnerability but low climate change vulnerability, provided that interventions are in place to lower threat pressure. We provide an online, user-friendly tool to visualize both the vulnerability maps and the maps indicating priority restoration and conservation actions.
(© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
(© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)