학술논문
New developments in Cu(In,Ga)(S, Se)2 thin film modules formed by rapid thermal processing of stacked elemental layers
Document Type
Article
Author
Source
Subject
*THIN films
*SOLID state electronics
*SODIUM
*RAPID thermal processing
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Language
ISSN
0927-0248
Abstract
Abstract: A second-generation process for high-efficiency large-area Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2 thin film (CIGSSe) solar modules has been developed applying controlled sodium doping and rapid thermal processing for absorber formation. The pilot line delivers aperture area efficiencies of 12.2%±0.5% (average) for 30×30cm2 modules and a certified champion efficiency of 13.1% for an unencapsulated 60×90cm2 demonstrator module. The stability of the frameless pilot line modules with a low-cost package against humidity is confirmed externally by passing the damp heat test sequence according to IEC 61646. Substitution of CBD-CdS by CBD-Zn(S, OH) buffer layers yields efficiencies up to 12% on 30×30cm2 circuits. First CIGSSe-cells on flexible substrates were also developed applying 30μm thin titanium foils, 8×8cm2 in size. Average cell efficiencies on a substrate up to 12.4% were achieved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]