부산대학교 도서관

This article begins with an overview of the process within which the concept ma‘rifa emerged as an expression of the specific kind of knowledge proper to the Sufi discipline. This sapiential perspective came largely to be defined, within Sufism, in relation to the lower perspectives that it was deemed to transcend: ‘ilm, in the sense of formal discursive knowledge; ascetic worship (zuhd/‘ibāda) according to the perspective of fear (makhāfa); the perspective of love (mahabba); and perspectives based exclusively upon mystical states (ahwāl) and miraculous phenomena (karāmāt). [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]