부산대학교 도서관

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a tick-borne virus in the Nairoviridae family within the Bunyavirales order of viruses. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is the most widespread among tick-borne human viral diseases. It is endemic in many areas of Africa, Asia, the Middle East, in the Balkans, Russia and countries of the former Soviet Union. The confirmed CCHF cases were seen in Spain in 2016 to signify expansion of the virus into new geographical areas. CCHFV causes a viral human disease characterized by sudden onset of fever, headache, abdominal pain, nausea, hypotension, hemorrhage, and hepatic dysfunction with fatality rates up to 30%. Currently, there are no spesific treatments or licensed vaccines available for CCHFV. The absence of a susceptible animal model for CCHFV infection was severely hindered work on the development of vaccines. However, several animal models of CCHFV infection have been recently developed and used to assess vaccine efficacy. In this study, we have used the transiently immune-suppressed (IS) mouse model that MAb-5A3 was used to block IFN-I signaling in immune intact, wild-type mice at the time of CCHFV infection to evaluate the immune response and efficacy of the cell culture based and the mouse brain derived inactivated vaccines against CCHFV. Both vaccine preparations have provided complete protection but the cell culture based vaccine more effectively induced to CCFHV spesific antibodies and T cell responses. This is the first comparison of the cell culture based and the mouse brain derived vaccines for assessing the protective efficacy and the immunogenicity in the IS mouse CCHFV model. Author summary: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever is one of the most medically important tick-borne disease. CCHFV causes severe clinical signs in humans but not in its vertebrate animal hosts. Transmission of the virus to humans could be through the bite of infected ticks or by exposure to the tissues or blood of infected animals. Nosocomial infections have also been reported in endemic countries and are considered to be significant problems for health-care workers and family members. With the increasing number of the cases and expanding new foci of the CCHF endemic area, there is an urgent need to prioritize control strategies on the consideration of disease reduction. Recently, different approaches have been attempted towards the development of a CCHFV vaccine. We previously developed a cell culture based inactivated CCHFV vaccine that demonstrated protective efficacy in IFNAR-/- mice. To date, the only CCHFV vaccine tested in humans is the suckling mouse brain derived vaccine used only in Bulgaria. However, there are no experimental data to show whether this vaccine confers to protective efficacy in a mouse model. We have used the IS mouse model to explore the immunogenicity and vaccine efficacy of the cell culture based and the mouse brain derived inactivated vaccines against CCHFV. Both vaccine preparations have provided complete protection after challenge studies but the cell culture based vaccine more effectively induced to CCFHV spesific antibody and T cell responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]