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Polymeric foams structure-property-performance : a design guide / Bernard E. Obi, PhD.

Oxford : William Andrew , [2018].

1 online resource

Machine generated contents note : pt. I Introduction -- 1. Overview of Applications of Polymeric Foams -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.1.1. Background -- 1.2. Structure -- Property -- Performance Relationships in Polymeric Foams -- 1.3. Applications of Polymeric Foams -- 1.3.1. Structural (Rigid) Foams -- 1.3.2. Flexible Foams -- 1.3.3. Biomedical Application -- 1.3.4. Space Application -- 1.3.5. Other Applications of Polymeric Foams -- References -- pt. II Polymer Science and Engineering -- 2. Polymer Chemistry and Synthesis -- 2.1. Polymer Chemistry -- 2.1.1. Classification and Types of Polymers -- 2.1.2. Polymers Used Extensively in Foams -- 2.2. Polymer Synthesis -- 2.2.1. Step Growth Polymerization -- 2.2.2. Chain-Addition Polymerization -- References -- 3. Characterization of Polymeric Solids -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.1.1. Polymers in Solution -- 3.1.2. Polymer Characterization -- Molar Masses and Molecular Architecture -- 3.1.3. Amorphous State of Polymers -- 3.1.4. Crystalline State of Polymers -- 3.1.5. Elastomeric State of Polymers -- 3.1.6. Mechanical Properties -- References -- Further Reading -- 4. Structure -- Property Relationships of Polymeric Solids -- 4.1. Overview -- 4.1.1. Control of the Glass Transition (Tg) and Melt (Tm) Temperatures -- 4.2. Random Copolymers -- 4.2.1. Dependence of Tg and Tm on Random Copolymer Composition -- 4.3. Block Copolymers -- 4.4. Role of Plasticizers -- References -- pt. III Science and Engineering of Polymeric Foams -- 5. Fundamentals of Polymeric Foams and Classification of Foam Types -- 5.1. Classification of Foam Types -- 5.2. Fundamentals of Foam Overview -- 5.2.1. Cell Morphology Development -- References -- 6. Foaming Processes -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Thermosetting Polymeric Foams -- 6.2.1. Surfactants in Thermosetting Polymeric Foaming -- 6.2.2. Blowing Agents for Thermosetting Polymeric Foaming -- 6.2.3. Key Attributes of Thermosetting Polymeric Foaming -- 6.2.4. Foaming of Reactive Systems -- 6.3. Thermoplastic Polymeric Foaming Processes -- 6.3.1. Nucleating and BAs for Thermoplastic Foaming -- 6.3.2. Key Attributes of Thermoplastic Foaming Processes -- 6.3.3. Microcellular Foaming -- 6.3.4. Cell Opening Mechanisms in Foaming Processes -- 6.3.5. Transient Behavior of Blowing Gas and Final Cell Gas Composition -- References -- 7. Structure -- Property Relationships of Polymeric Foams -- 7.1. Structure -- Property Relationships of Polymeric Foams -- 7.1.1. Mechanical Properties of Cellular Materials in Compression -- 7.1.2. Mechanical Properties of Cellular Materials in Tension -- 7.1.3. Mechanical Properties of Cellular Materials in Tension -- Brittle Fracture -- References -- pt. IV Design and Uses of Polymeric Foams -- 8. Fundamentals of Structure -- Property Relationships of Polyurethane Foams -- 8.1. Defining Applications Key Performance Attributes -- 8.2. Fundamentals of Structure -- Property Relationships of Polyurethane Foams -- 8.2.1. Mechanical Properties of PU Polymers -- 8.2.2. Design of PU Polymers for Targeted Mechanical Properties -- 8.2.3. Combining XLD and Microstructure Contributions to the Properties of PU Polymers -- References -- 9. Structural Foams -- 9.1. Structural Foams in a Range of Applications -- 9.1.1. Appliances -- 9.2. Building and Construction -- 9.2.1. EPS Foam -- 9.2.2. XPS Foam -- 9.2.3. Polyisocynurate Panels -- 9.2.4. Advantages of Polyurethane Over Polystyrene-Based Foams -- 9.2.5. Insulated Concrete Forms -- 9.2.6. Structural Insulated Panels -- 9.2.7. SIP Applications -- 9.2.8. Insulated Masonry -- 9.3. Transportation, Tanks, Pipes, and Rotation -- 9.3.1. Transportation and Construction Using Geofoams -- 9.3.2. Tanks and Pipes -- 9.3.3. Flotation -- 9.4. Furniture and Architectural Decorations -- 9.5. Packaging, Food, and Drinks Containers -- References -- 10. Flexible Foams -- 10.1. Overview -- 10.1.1. Bedding and Furniture -- 10.1.2. Flexible Foams in Packaging Applications -- 10.1.3. Carpet Underlay -- 10.1.4. Absorbents -- 10.1.5. Sports and Leisure Applications -- 10.1.6. Toys and Novelties -- 10.1.7. Transportation -- 10.1.8. Textiles -- References -- 11. Biomedical Applications of Polymeric Foams -- 11.1. Bones and Cartilage -- 11.2. Lightweight Cast and Orthopedic Equipment -- 11.3. Tissue Engineering and Synthetic Organs -- 11.4. Specialized Case Study in Use of Shape Memory Foams for Treatment of Aneurysms -- References -- 12. Applications of Polymeric Foams in Automobiles and Transportation -- 12.1. Overview of Key Applications Areas of Polymeric Foams in Automobiles and Transportation -- 12.1.1. Comfort Seating in Automobiles -- 12.1.2. Noise, Vibration, and Harshness -- 12.1.3. Structural Foam and Energy Absorption Management in the Automotive Industry -- 12.1.4. Insulation in the Automotive Industry -- 12.2. Design for Comfort Seating -- 12.2.1. Influence of Polymer Structure -- Property on Comfort Seating Performance -- 12.2.2. Influence of Foam Cellular Structure -- Property on Comfort Seating Performance -- 12.3. Design for NVH -- 12.3.1. Influence of Polymer Structure -- Property on NVH -- 12.3.2. Influence of Foam Cellular Structure -- Property on NVH -- 12.4. Structural Foam Design for Body Cavity Filling -- 12.4.1. Influence of Polymer Structure -- Property on Structural Foam Cavity Filling -- 12.4.2. Influence of Foam Cellular Structure -- Property on Structural Foam Cavity Filling -- 12.5. Design for Insulation -- 12.5.1. Influence of Polymer Structure -- Property on Insulation -- 12.5.2. Influence of Foam Cellular Structure -- Property on Insulation -- 12.6. Design for Interior Components in Automobiles -- 12.6.1. Influence of Polymer on Interior Components Design -- 12.6.2. Influence of Foam Cellular Structure -- Property on Interior Components Design -- References -- 13. Other Specialized and Emerging Applications -- 13.1. Space Applications -- 13.2. Filtration Applications -- 13.3. Carrier of Inks, Dyes, and Lubricants -- 13.4. Water-Repellant Membranes -- 13.5. Artificial Skin Applications -- 13.6. High Coefficient of Friction -- Nonslip Surface Applications -- 13.7. High Damping Capacity -- Sound Absorption Applications -- 13.8. Electrical Properties -- Dielectric Loss -- References -- 14. Correlating Structure -- Properties to Performance Attributes -- 14.1. Influence of Polymer Structure -- Property to Performance -- 14.2. Influence of Foam Cellular Structure -- Property on Performance -- References -- 15. Composites and Sandwich Structures -- 15.1. Overview of Composites and Sandwich Structures -- 15.2. Optimization of Sandwich Composites -- References.

Polymeric Foams Structure-Property-Performance: A Design Guide is a response to the design challenges faced by engineers in a growing market with evolving standards, new regulations, and an ever-increasing variety of application types for polymeric foam. Bernard Obi, an author with wide experience in testing, characterizing, and applying polymer foams, approaches this emerging complexity with a practical design methodology that focuses on understanding the relationship between structure-properties of polymeric foams and their performance attributes. The book not only introduces the fundamentals of polymer and foam science and engineering, but also goes more in-depth, covering foam processing, properties, and uses for a variety of applications. By connecting the diverse technologies of polymer science to those from foam science, and by linking both micro- and macrostructure-property relationships to key performance attributes, the book gives engineers the information required to solve pressing design problems involving the use of polymeric foams and to optimize foam performance. With a focus on applications in the automotive and transportation industries, as well as uses of foams in structural composites for lightweight applications, the author provides numerous case studies and design examples of real-life industrial problems from various industries and their solutions.

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